User:Ravichandar84/Sandbox/Kanchipuram

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Demographics

As of 2001 India census, Kanchipuram had a population of 153,140 at a density of 13,428 persons per km2.[1] Males constitute 50.37% of the population and females 49.63%.[2] Kanchipuram has an average literacy rate of 74.8%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 81%, and female literacy is 69%.[1] 10% of the city population is under 6 years of age. According to the 2011 provisional totals b, Kanchipuram had a population of 164,265, constituting 81,987 males and 82,275 females covering an area of 36.14 km2.[1][3]During the British census of 1901, Kanchipuram had a population of 46,164 constituting 44,684 Hindus, 1,313 Muslims, 49 Christians and 118 Jains.[4]

Art and architecture

During the reign of Narasimhavarman I, Kanchipuram had an area of four square miles and an estimated population of 10,000.

Tiruvekka temple and houses of agricultural labourers were situated outside the city.[7] There were provisions in the outskirts of the city for training the cavalry and infantry.[7]

Pancha Bhoota Stalams, the five temples each representing the manifestation of the five prime elements of nature namely land, water, air, sky, and fire.[10] Ekambareswarar temple temple represents the element Earth.[10]
Iravatanesvara Temple built by Narasimhavarman Pallava II (720–728 CE) are the other Shiva temples from the Pallava period. Kachi Metrali – Karchapeswarar Temple,[11] Onakanthan Tali,[13] Kachi Anekatangapadam,[13] Kuranganilmuttam,[14]
and Karaithirunathar Temple in Tirukalimedu are the Shiva temples in the city reverred in Tevaram, the Tamil Saiva canonical work of the 7th-8th century.

Two pillars with hanging stone chain
Sculpted pillars and stone chain in Varadarajar temple

Kumarakottam is a temple dedicated to the Hindu god

Parvathi. It is located between the Ekambareswarar temple and Kamakshi Amman temple, leading to the cult of Somaskanda (Skanda, the child between Shiva and Parvati). Kandapuranam, the Tamil religious work on Muruga, translated from Sanskrit Skandapurana, was composed in 1625 CE by Kachiappa Shivacharya in the temple.[15]


Tiru pavla vannam, Pandava Thoothar Perumal Temple are among the divyadesam, the 108 famous temples of Vishnu in the city.[19] There are a five other divyadesams, 3 inside the Ulagalantha Perumal temple, one each in Kamakshi Amman Temple and Ekambareswarar Temple.[20]

The mosque near Ekambareswarar temple was built during the rule of Nawab of Arcot in the 17th century. There is another mosque near the Vaikunta Perumal temple that shares a common tank with the Hindu temple. Muslims take part in the festivals of the Varadarajaswamy temple.[21] Christ Church is the oldest church in the city built by a Britisher named Mclean in 1921. The church is built in Scottish style brick structure with arches and pillars.[21]

Society and culture

Kanchipuram is considered to be one of the seven holiest cities for

Vaishnavites.[7]About 8 lakh pilgrims visit the city every year as of 2001.[22]

Drawing depicting a saint in a background of trees
Bodhidharma is believed to have spread Zen school of Buddhism from India to China

Kulothunga Chola I and Vikrama Chola, and the Kanarese inscriptions of Krishnadevaraya. The temple is maintained by Tamil Nadu archaeological department.[28]

Kanchipuram is a traditional centre of silk weaving and handloom industries for producing

Kanchipuram Sari
. According to Hindu legend, Kanchipuram weavers are descendants of Sage
Raja Raja Chola I (985–1014 CE) invited the weavers to migrate to Kanchi.[29] The craft picked up with the mass migration from Andhra Pradesh in the 15th century during the Vijayanagara rule.[29] During the French siege of 1757 CE, the city was burnt with the art, but the art reemerged in the late 18th century.[29]

The

Sringeri Matha, and that it declared itself independent.[31]

Notes

  1. ^ a b c Kanchipuram population 2012.
  2. ^ Kanchipuram : Census 2011.
  3. ^ Kanchipuram about municipality 2011.
  4. ^ Imperial Gazetteer of India 1908, pp. 544–546.
  5. ^ Rao 2008, p. 142.
  6. ^ a b c d Rao 2008, p. 143.
  7. ^ a b c d e Ayyar 1991, p. 69.
  8. ^ Let's Go 2004, p. 584.
  9. ^ Sajnani 2001, pp. 305.
  10. ^ a b Ramaswamy 2007, pp. 301–302.
  11. ^ a b Ayyar 1991, p. 73.
  12. ^ Ayyar 1991, pp. 70–71.
  13. ^ a b c Ayyar 1991, p. 86.
  14. ^ Soundara Rajan 2001, p. 27.
  15. ^ Rao 2008, p. 110.
  16. ^ Gateway to Kanchipuram district – Varadaraja Temple 2011.
  17. ^ K.V. 1975, pp. 26–39.
  18. ^ a b c d Ayyar 1991, p. 80.
  19. ^ Ayyar 1991, p. 539.
  20. ^ Rao 2008, p. 109.
  21. ^ a b Religious places in Kanchipuram 2011.
  22. ^ Rao 2008, p. 145.
  23. ^ Trainor 2001, p. 13.
  24. ^ a b c d e f Rao 2008, p. 20.
  25. ^ Zvelebil 1987, p. 125-126.
  26. ^ McRae 2000, p. 26.
  27. ^ Smith 1914, p. 468.
  28. ^ The Hindu & 23 June 2011.
  29. ^ a b c d e f Rao 2008, pp. 134–135.
  30. ^ Saraswati 2001, p. 492.
  31. ^ a b Dalal 2006, p. 186.
  32. ^ a b Kuttan 2009, pp. 244–245.
  33. ^ Sharma 1987, pp. 44–46.
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