User talk:Ceedeeo

Hello, Ceedeeo, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few links to pages you might find helpful:

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Your addition to User talk:Ceedeeo has been removed, as it appears to have added copyrighted material to Wikipedia without permission from the copyright holder. If you are the copyright holder, please read Wikipedia:Donating copyrighted materials for more information on uploading your material to Wikipedia. For legal reasons, Wikipedia cannot accept copyrighted text, or images borrowed from other websites, or printed material without a verifiable license; such additions will be deleted. You may use external websites or publications as a source of information, but not as a source of content, such as sentences or images—you must write using your own words. Wikipedia takes copyright violations very seriously and persistent violators will be blocked from editing. You must not post copyrighted text from other places anywhere in Wikipedia. User talk pages are for other users to communicate with you and for you to reply. DES ^(talk) 16:11, 8 October 2013 (UTC)[reply]

There is no copyrighted material in the text which is all original work. All the references are supportive of the text.Ceedeeo (talk) 16:17, 8 October 2013 (UTC)[reply]

It doesn't look to me like original work.

From http://www.msb.unm.edu/info.html:

In 1986, Steven P. Platania came to New Mexico to study the distribution of native New Mexico fishes and assumed curatorial duties as an Associate Curator in the MSB Division of Fishes. He established an Ichthyofaunal Studies Program, which continues today, employing students in both the museum and biological fields. Under his direction, the collection underwent a phase of rapid growth. It has served as the primary repository for not only his collections, but also large collections received from the New Mexico Department of Game and Fish, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Fisheries Resource Office in Albuquerque, the U.S. Bureau of Land Management, and the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation.

From your draft article:

In 1986, Steven P. Platania assumed curatorial duties as Associate Curator in the MSB Division of Fishes. He established the Ichthyofaunal Studies Program, which continues today[23] , employing students in both the museum and biological fields. Under his direction, the collection underwent a phase of rapid growth and served as the primary repository for not only his collections, but also large collections received from the New Mexico Department of Game and Fish, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, New Mexico Fish and Wildlife Conservation Office in Albuquerque, the U.S. Bureau of Land Management, and the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation.

Maproom (talk) 17:54, 8 October 2013 (UTC)[reply]

To clarify: You cannot just copy text from a web site (or a book or other off-line source either). You cannot copy text and simply move a few words around or delete some sentences and leave others intact. You must write all new text in your own words. You can, and should, use facts from sources, but you must create new wording to express those facts. It doesn't matter if the source has a copyright notice, it is still copyrighted anyway (unless it is from before 1923, or some other special cases apply). It doesn't even matter id you wrote the other source, unless you go through the somewhat complex process of donating the text to Wikipedia. It is usually simpler to just re-write. DES ^(talk) 18:11, 8 October 2013 (UTC)[reply]

The University of New Mexico’s Museum of Southwestern Biology

The Museum of Southwestern Biology^[1] (MSB) is a research and teaching facility in the Department of Biology of the University of New Mexico^[2] (UNM). Through its natural history collections, associated databases^[3] , staff, and publications^[4] , MSB provides research infrastructure, undergraduate experiences, graduate training, public-service, and outreach.

MSB is developing biological and environmental research collections that serve the global scientific community. Specimens at MSB are used to study societal challenges such as emerging zoonotic pathogens^[5] , climate change^[6] , invasive species^[7] , habitat conversion^[8] , and declining biodiversity^[9] . MSB collections document more than a century of environmental change in western North America, and include significant holdings from all continents except Antarctica. Annually, MSB specimens are utilized in over 80 peer-reviewed publications^[10] . Web-accessible museum archives of the MSB constitute a biodiversity informatics resource for the empirical study of planetary life^[11].

Student training at the Museum of Southwestern Biology ranges from undergraduates^[12] to post-doctoral associates, but a large number of K-12 students are also engaged in museum-based research and instruction. Student research topics include systematics, ecology, phylogenomics, biogeography, molecular biology, morphology, population biology, species identification, field studies, and bioinformatics.

The Museum of Southwestern Biology collaborates with municipal (City of Albuquerque Open Space Division), state (e.g., NM State Land Office, NM Department of Game and Fish, New Mexico Rare Plant Society, New Mexico Environment Department, regional BioBlitzes) and federal (USDA Forest Service, US Fish and Wildlife Service, US Bureau of Reclamation, National Park Service, etc.) agencies on a number of projects, including the development of effective management plans for their respective jurisdictions. International organizations also rely on MSB specimens, their associated data and expertise of MSB staff and faculty to help design and implement public health initiatives (e.g., Andean hantavirus outbreak in Chile). MSB has a long tradition in the public health arena in efforts related to identifying zoonotic pathogens and understanding the ecology of zoonotic diseases and wildlife diseases in the western US and in a number of international settings (e.g., Central America, South America, Asia, and Africa)^[13] .

Contents

• History • Divisions and Programs

History

The Museum of Southwestern Biology originated from the collecting efforts of Edward F. Castetter beginning in 1928. Formal management and maintenance of the collections began in 1938 when William J. Koster^[14] (1910-1993) joined the University of New Mexico faculty. Koster became the University of New Mexico’s first instructor of vertebrate zoology. His classes assembled the earliest natural history collections in Castetter Hall. Specimen-based research and graduate training in mammalogy increased with the hire of James S. Findley in 1955. Subsequent curators helped to build collections in several divisions including Amphibians and Reptiles (William Degenhart, Howard Snell), Arthropods (Cliff Crawford, Kelly B. Miller), Birds (J. David Ligon, Christopher C Witt), Fishes (Manuel C. Molles, Stephen P. Platania, Thomas F. Turner), Genomic Resources (Terry L. Yates, Joseph A. Cook), Herbarium (Edward Castetter, Ray Jackson, William Martin, Timothy Lowrey), Mammals (James S. Findley, Terry L. Yates, Joseph A. Cook) and Parasites (E. S. Loker).

In late 2001, collections were moved to the newly renovated Consortium for Environmental Research, Informatics and Art (CERIA). National Science Foundation funding helped to bring all of the MSB divisions together into a single building with space-saving compactors and increased laboratory space. Grand opening of the new MSB facility was held on October 8, 2006.

Divisions and Programs

MSB currently consists of 8 divisions (Amphibians and Reptiles, Arthropods, Birds, Fishes, Genomic Resources, Herbarium, Mammals, and Parasites), Natural Heritage New Mexico, and US Geological Survey (USGS) collections.

Division of Amphibians & Reptiles

The Division of Amphibians & Reptiles maintains one of the largest regional research collections of the southwestern United States. A collection of 5,000 amphibians and reptiles made by William J. Koster formed the basis of the original collection. With the arrival of William G. Degenhardt in 1960, holdings increased dramatically through Degenhardt's collecting efforts and those of his undergraduate and graduate students. Since the late 1980s, the division has been the primary repository for specimens collected by Charlie Painter of the New Mexico Department of Game and Fish and the division continues to receive collections provided by students and researchers from a variety of state and federal agencies. These extensive collections resulted in the publication of Amphibians and Reptiles of New Mexico in 1996^[15] . by W.G. Degenhardt, C.W. Painter & A.H. Price.

As of the beginning of 2013, the division curates more than 94,000 specimens primarily from New Mexico and surrounding southwestern states. Substantial numbers of specimens from elsewhere in the U.S., Mexico, the Caribbean, the Galapagos Islands, and Vietnam are also included. Important series of specimens are from the Big Bend National Park by W.G. Degenhardt and T.L. Brown (all taxa), the Appalachian Plateau by G.B. Wilmott (salamanders), the West Indies by K.L. Jones (leptodactylid frogs), and the Delmarva Peninsula by R. Conant (all taxa). More recently, an extensive collection from the Caribbean region by S Poe (primarily Anolis) has been catalogued into the collection. In addition, more than 12,300 fluid-preserved and 200 skeletons curated by the United States Geological Survey (USGS) Arid Lands Field Station in Albuquerque were integrated into the collection in 2010^[16] . The division also maintains representative skeletal material, a small type collection, and a collection for teaching purposes.

Howard Snell is the Curator and Collection Manager for the Division of Amphibians and Reptiles is Tomas Giermakowski^[17] (since 2001).

Division of Arthropods

The Division of Arthropods maintains a collection of arthropods representing the Southwest US and northern Mexico, although specimens from other parts of the world are now being added. The Division of Arthropods was initiated by Clifford Crawford in the 1970s for arthropod-related ecological research. In 1989, the Division of Arthropods became affiliated with the National Science Foundation funded Sevilleta Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) program, and became a repository for voucher specimens representing ecological research. At that time the “insect collection” expanded to several thousand specimens, several more storage cabinets, and was housed in a small room in the basement of Castetter Hall. In 1998, Manuel Molles became the curator and oversaw continued growth of the collection, including the move into renovated space in the CERIA building in 2002. During that time, the Arthropod Division grew to become the repository and support facility for NSF, US Geological Survey, and National Park Service ecological inventory and monitoring research projects throughout New Mexico and Arizona, based largely upon collaborations with the Sevilleta and the Jornada Basin LTER programs. Funding from various research projects provided equipment and storage cabinets, and salaries for temporary staff and technicians to develop the collection. The division also became a center for species identification, and developed a network with other taxonomists and ecologists in North America.

With additional support from NSF and the New Mexico state-sponsored Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR), the Division of Arthropods gained a permanent collection manager position, currently split between Sandra Brantley and David Lightfoot.

Today the division collection is over 100,000 specimens. Kelly Miller became curator in 2007 and with his arrival, the Division of Arthropods has grown quickly and has become an active center for systematic research on the taxonomy of many different arthropod groups, not only in the Southwest, but globally.

Division of Birds

The Division of Birds maintains an extensive research collection of birds from western North America and around the world. The collection consisted of only a couple of hundred study skins of birds from New Mexico until 1955, when James S. Findley became curator upon his arrival at UNM. Over 3000 specimens were added over the subsequent 13 years, due in large part to the work of graduate student David M. Niles during the 1960's. J. David Ligon began as curator in 1968, and although his research program focused on behavior, he oversaw the addition of 3000 specimens over 21 years, including a spectacular series of Pinyon Jays and other corvids.

Robert W. Dickerman^[18] took over as curator in 1989 after retiring from Cornell Medical School, and the collection increased fourfold over the subsequent 18 years through field collecting, salvage, acquisition of private collections, and the integration of the USGS Collection. In 2003, Andrew B. Johnson was hired as the first fulltime collections manager. In 2007, Christopher C. Witt was hired as curator and initiated a research program on the evolution of Andean birds that resulted in significant new accessions of specimens from Peru. Total collection increased by ~70% between 2007 and 2013. The total size of the collection is now over 40,000 specimens, approximately 50% of which are associated with frozen tissue samples that are archived in the Division of Genomic Resources. The Collection Manager is Andrew Johnson.

Division of Fishes

Once the Department hired curators for the Division of Mammals and Division of Amphibians and Reptiles, William J. Koster was able to devote more time to his research on the life histories of New Mexico fishes while expanding the collection. He also completed a layperson’s Guide to the Fishes of New Mexico in 1959. By the time Koster retired in 1975, the “UNM Collection of Vertebrates” had become the Museum of Southwestern Biology (MSB). Manuel C. Molles was hired to assume the duties of Curator of Fishes and continued to do so until 1998 when he became Curator of Arthropods.

In 1992, Alexandra M. Snyder became Collection Manager. By 1995, the MSB fish collection was fully captured in an electronic catalog along with associated ecological data. Thomas F. Turner was hired as Curator of Fishes in 1998 and the collection added genomic holdings for rare and extirpated species like the Rio Grande silvery minnow and the Gila trout. Turner’s research is centered on the fishes of the American Southwest, studying the ecological and biogeographic determinants of population structure, waterway connectivity and gene flow^[19] and molecular systematics and adaptation in desert fishes. Turner’s research group developed technical and analytical tools for using stable isotopes on museum specimens to evaluate effects of stream habitat alteration and climate change on aquatic ecosystems and food webs^[20] . Turner is active in conservation and management of fishes in the southwestern US including Rio Grande silvery minnow, razorback sucker, loachminnow, spikedace, and bonytail chub and serves on the Gila trout and Chihuahua chub Recovery Team. The Recovery Team was awarded the Recovery Champions^[21] award in 2013 from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.

Stephen T. Ross, retired from the University of Southern Mississippi, Hattisburg, accepted the role of MSB Curator Emeritus and Adjuct Professor of Biology in 2004. Since his arrival, Dr. Ross has mentored graduate students, served as a peer reviewer for the San Juan River Recovery Implementation Program, and authored the book, Ecology of North American Freshwater Fishes^[22] .

To date, the MSB collections number over 94,000 lots of New Mexico and American Southwestern fishes with over 1000 associated frozen tissues, over 60,000 pages of field notes, and approximately 3,000 photographs of New Mexico and desert habitats. As of 2013, the New Mexico Department of Game and Fish State Reference Collections (10,000 lots) and the USGS Fort Collins Biological Survey fish collections (5,000 lots) have been fully incorporated into the MSB collections and database.

Division of Genomic Resources

Beginning in 1979, the Division of Mammals began saving cryogenically preserved tissues and chromosome preparations that became the foundation of the current Division of Genomic Resources. The Division is now one of the largest collections of frozen tissues in the world^[23] , the largest for North American mammals^[24] , and among the ten largest for birds in North America. In 1997, Cheryl Parmenter became the Collection Manager of the Division of Genomic Resources. In 2001, with the move of the collection to the newly revovated CERIA building, the Division of Genomic Resources officially became a separate divison of MSB with Terry L. Yates as Curator. Joseph Cook, Curator of the Mammal Division, became the Interim Curator of the Division of Genomic Resources in 2008 and Curator in 2013.

The Division of Genomic Resources is a centralized repository for cryogenic material from all MSB divisions at the University of New Mexico and other individuals and institutions worldwide for which archival agreements are extant. The Division of Genomic Resources preserves a frozen tissue collection that is taxonomically broad and contains multiple tissue samples from over 150,000 specimens, including Mammals, Birds, Reptiles and Fishes^[25] . A large percentage of the MSB Division of Mammals and Division of Birds collections now consists of "holistic" or integrated voucher specimens that include not only skins and skulls but postcranial skeletons and frozen tissues and in many cases chromosome preparations, frozen cell suspensions, and endo-, ecto-, and protozoan parasites. The Collection Manager is Mariel Campbell.

Herbarium

The UNM Herbarium was established in 1928 with the arrival of Edward F. Castetter, the first curator of the herbarium. The herbarium was located in the basement of the Biology Building (later named Castetter Hall). Castetter immediately began collecting specimens around the Albuquerque area, Sandia Mountains and the Jemez Mountains to add to the small existing collection that consisted of approximately 150 mounted specimens, mostly collected by E.O. Wooton, P.C. Standley, and O.B. Metcalfe. Up to the early1970s, he collected more than 8,200 specimens from 27 counties in New Mexico and numerous specimens from the surrounding southwest.

Castetter was a pioneer ethnobotanist of the American Southwest and his research on Native Americans took him to remote areas in New Mexico, Arizona and Mexico. Castetter authored several books^[26] on Native American agriculture and the cultural aspects of plant usage. In 1961, the year of his retirement, the Castetter Laboratory of Ethnobotanical Studies was established and housed within the Herbarium. In addition, Castetter became interested in the Cactus family and collected many cactus specimens between 1951-1969. Ray C. Jackson (1953-1958) was the second curator of the Herbarium. Jackson’s research focused on cytogenetics and systematics of the Asteraceae and Scrophulariaceae.

William C. Martin (1958-1989) was the third and longest serving curator of the Herbarium to date. Martin collected more than 3,500 specimens in addition to co-authoring A Flora of New Mexico with Charles R. Hutchins in 1980. By the end of Martin’s tenure, there were approximately 77,000 specimens in the herbarium. In 1990 Timothy K. Lowrey became the fourth curator of the Herbarium. Lowrey initiated efforts to create an electronic database of the collection. Lowrey’s research program involved biosystematics of the Asteraceae in Hawaii and the South Pacific.

In 2002, an intensive phase of database development and specimen label entry was initiated by funds received from the Institute of Natural Resource Analysis and Management (INRAM). INRAM was established with funding from the National Science Foundation Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR) award. Collection Managers for the Herbarium include Jane Mygatt (1995-2008) and Phil Tonne (2009-present).

Division of Mammals

The mammal collections grew slowly until 1955 when James S. Findley assumed duties as Curator of Mammals. Between 1955 and 1978, over 36,000 specimens were added to the collection by Findley and his students from New Mexico and throughout the Southwest. In the years that followed, Findley acquired significant collections of mammals from Costa Rica, Panama, Africa, and Mexico. The division also began a major educational program in mammalian ecology and systematics during this period, with 60 students receiving graduate degrees under the direction of Findley. Many of those students became leading educators and researchers in mammalogy, served as officers in the American Society of Mammalogists^[27] and other scientific societies, or helped build major research collections elsewhere.

Terry L. Yates became MSB’s Curator of Mammals in 1978 and oversaw the Divison’s expansion into new dimensions, including –ultra-frozen tissues and parasites. With support from National Geographic and the National Science Foundation (NSF), Yates and his 26 graduate students added major collections from Japan, North America, Scandinavia and Bolivia in collaboration with the American Museum of Natural History. Comparative samples were added from Paraguay, Ecuador, Chile, Costa Rica and Honduras. In 1989, UNM established a long-term ecological research site (LTER) on the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, and series of local mammals were added each year, accompanied by frozen tissues, endo- and ecto-parasites, and large amounts of ecological and climatic data.

Joseph A. Cook was appointed Curator of Mammals in 2003. The collection has more than doubled in size under his leadership. Cook, his research associates, graduate students and post-doctoral associates added significant new materials from western North America (US and Canada), Asia (Mongolia and Siberia), and Latin America through support of a series of grants from the National Science Foundation (Beringian Coevolution Project, Mongolian Vertebrate Parasite Project, Collaborative Integrated Investigations of Biomes of the Arctic), National Institutes of Health (Panama and Chile hantavirus), USDA Forest Service (Tongass National Forest-ISLES), US Geological Survey (impact of climate change on tundra communities), and US Fish and Wildlife Service (Mexican gray wolf reintroduction). Major collaborations with state (e.g., New Mexico, Alaska) and Canadian (Yukon Territory, Northwest Territories, British Columbia) resource agencies have also provided excellent series of rodent, shrew, carnivore and ungulate specimens.

Other specimens have come from private donations (e.g., Robert and Virginia Rausch) or from other sources. More than 32,000 specimens from the orphaned University of Illinois Museum of Natural History mammal collection were donated in 2005. Specimens in this collection cover a temporal range of over 100 years, are worldwide in scope, and are diverse taxonomically (230 species in 20 mammalian orders). Strengths include a) holotype specimens from the southwestern US; b) over 22,000 Arizona specimens; c) critical historic specimens of endangered taxa (e.g. the federally endangered Mexican Grey Wolf, Canis lupus baileyi); d) specimens from localities where natural habitat no longer exists in the Southwest; and e) specimens from regions which are particularly susceptible to global climate change (e.g. Alpine and Arctic specimens).

All these specimens enhance the potential of the Museum of Southwestern Biology collections to address questions across temporal, spatial and taxonomic scales. Many of these specimens form the basis for scientific publications (e.g., Mammals of Arizona )^[28]. With the addition of all of the above specimens, the Division of Mammals (>250,000 specimens) becomes the third largest scientific collection of mammals in the Western Hemisphere^[29] and largest university-based mammal collection in the world. The Mammal Division also became the locus for the UnO (Undergraduate Opportunities) training program Cite error: There are <ref> tags on this page without content in them (see the help page)..

Collection Managers for the Division of Mammals managed this activity and growth and include William R. Barber, 1981-1984, William L. Gannon, 1985-2005 and Jonathan L. Dunnum, 2005 to present.

Division of Parasites

The Division of Parasitology, the newest addition, maintains the third largest helminth collection in North America (the two largest are the United States National Parasite Collection [1] and the H.W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology (hwml.unl.edu]). The collection includes helminths from not only southwestern North America, but also from around the world. Specimens collected and donated by Robert L. and Virginia R. Rausch (collected mainly in Alaska, but also around North America), form the basis of the collection. The Rausch Helminth Collection^[30] includes about 40,000 slides and 6,000 jars of alcohol specimens collected from about 1945 - 2010. Their work emphasized the epidemiology of Echinococcus species and hydatid disease in mammals and indigenous peoples but also included many other wide-ranging studies of parasites and diseases of Alaskan fauna.

Other significant holdings include two collections emphasizing New Mexican mammalian parasites, mammal parasites from the Beringian Coevolution Project (a project that complements the work of R.L. Rauch) and the largest single collection of schistosome trematodes from around the world, including New Mexico, based on ongoing research by S. V. Brant and E. Sam Loker^[31] . The two New Mexican parasite collections include a 10-year survey of mammal parasites managed by Donald Duszynski from the Sevilleta Long Term Ecological Research Station that includes over 6,700 specimens^[32] , and a two-year survey of parasites of all fox species in New Mexico that includes about 200 specimens. These collections are examples of the value of integrated collections. For many of the parasite specimens there is a direct link to the host record and voucher in either the MSB or other museum collections. Parasites are important elements in the lives of their hosts MSB has set a standard for integrated specimen collections, especially between host specimens at MSB and a parasite specimen at the Manter Lab at the University of Nebraska, the USDA National Parasite Collection (Beltsville, MD), or the Smithsonian Institution. New parasite specimens can be archived in the MSB Division of Parasites. The founding faculty/staff of this division is E. Sam Loker, Curator of Parasites and Sara Brant, Collection Manager.

Natural Heritage New Mexico

Natural Heritage New Mexico (NHNM) conducts conservation biology research and training, collects data on New Mexico’s rare and endangered animals, plants, and ecosystems, and is a portal for acquiring and disseminating biodiversity conservation information for New Mexico and the Southwest. The objective of the network is to collect and manage data about the status and distribution of species and ecosystems of conservation concern and then provide science-based information to guide conservation policy from local to international scales. TNC provided initial first-year seed monies, and the program began receiving funding from the state legislature as a Research and Public Service Project (RPSP) in 1992.

Patricia Mehlhop, an adjunct faculty member at UNM with previous experience directing the Heritage program at the University of Oklahoma, became the first director in 1991. Building on a core staff of herself as a rare species zoologist, a rare species botanist (Ellen DeBruin), conservation ecologist (Dr. Esteban Muldavin), and a database manger (Tina Carlson), the program grew to include roughly 15-20 staff and students by 2001. In 2001, Kristine Johnson, Research Associate Professor of Biology, became director, and Esteban Muldavin, Research Associate Professor of Biology and conservation ecologist, followed in 2008. Along the way, the national network of Heritage programs left TNC in 2001 and established itself as its own organization, NatureServe, which UNM, through Natural Heritage New Mexico, remains a contributing and active member along with 82 other independent centers from U.S., Canada, Latin America, and the Caribbean.

In 1999, the program was brought into MSB to specialize in conservation biology. The Natural Heritage Director specifically oversees the collection of core biological conservation data in NMBiotics, a version of the international data standard for Natural Heritage data. The database has information on which species are tracked, what their conservation ranks and status are and where they are located. Starting in 2000, map locations were digitized and incorporated into a geographic information system (GIS) so conservation data could be analyzed spatially. Currently, the Division tracks data on almost 700 rare and endangered species and has data on over 30,000 observations for these species. An associated Conservation Ecology database houses over 10,000 vegetation plots from around the Southwest with some 150,000 botanical observations backed by over 7,500 voucher specimens. The Division also houses other biological conservation databases such as the New Mexico Biological Collections Consortium (NMBCC) and the New Mexico Ornithological Society (NMOS) Field Notes database. Most of the data are now available via websites that NHNM creates and maintains.

Originally NHNM was concerned mainly with the development of the database, but activities have expanded to include research on the conservation of specific species, ecological restoration, the meta-analysis and assessment of the conservation status of biota across the state and the region. NHMN was also able to expand educational opportunities for both undergraduate and graduate students, particularly in hands-on training in databases, field data collection, and GIS. In addition, NHNM has developed a unique and extensive network of private and public partners to support the Division conservation science database and research. These include the federal land management agencies (National Park Service, Bureau of Land Management, U.S. Forest Service, Dept. of Defense, and U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service), and state agencies with jurisdiction in the management of the State’s biota (Game & Fish Dept., Energy Mineral and Natural Resources Dept., and the Environment Dept.). NHNM continues to grow and is developing new initiatives in the arena of the impacts of global change on species and ecosystems at risk in New Mexico and the Southwest.

United States Geological Survey Collections

The western collection of the United States Geological Survey (USGS), Biological Resources Division (BRD) was started in support of predator food habits studies conducted by Bureau of Biiological Survey in the late 1920's. At that time the collection was located with the Denver Food Habits Laboratory. During the first 50 years of its existence growth was slow and remained primarily in support of applied studies. By 1974, specimens of mammals totaled about 4,000. In 1975 the collection was moved to Fort Collins and directly administered by Robert B. Finley, Jr. During the next six years, the collection increased to about 10,000 specimens. Most of the new holdings were from research studies conducted on Federal lands in the West.

This is final corrected version. All reported copyrighted items have been removed. All citations are included. It is now ready for review.Ceedeeo (talk) 21:44, 21 November 2014 (UTC)[reply]

In 1981, Michael A. Bogan was assigned the lead curator role in the western collection. The collection doubled in size to over 23,000 specimens of dry and fluid-preserved mammals. Bogan retired in 2009 and the USGS Collection Manager Ramotnik retired in 2012. The USGS collection is particularly rich in specimens from western Federal lands, especially Nebraska, Wyoming, Colorado, Utah, Arizona, and New Mexico. These collections are integrated into MSB and managed by MSB staff.

Start of new article. Will add cites at a later date, not ready for submission.21:32, 22 April 2014 (UTC)

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I believe I have made all the requested changes, taking out the questionable text.This is an unusual request, can the article be reviewed before I put in all the citations? This is my first attempt at submission and have been humbled by my efforts and the comments.Ceedeeo (talk) 17:13, 19 September 2014 (UTC)[reply]