VR Class Dr16
Class Dr16 | |
---|---|
Bo′Bo′ | |
Gauge | 1,524 mm (5 ft) |
Wheel diameter | 1,250 mm (49.21 in) |
Length | 17.60 m (57 ft 9 in) |
Width | 3.2 m (10 ft 6 in) |
Height | 4.73 m (15 ft 6 in) |
Axle load | 20.5 t (20.2 long tons; 22.6 short tons)/21 t (21 long tons; 23 short tons) |
Loco weight | 82 t (81 long tons; 90 short tons)/84 t (83 long tons; 93 short tons) |
Fuel type | Diesel |
Prime mover | Pielstick 12PA4-V-200VG Wärtsilä Vaasa 8V22 (2803/2804) |
Transmission | Inverter-driven three-phase AC induction motors |
Performance figures | |
---|---|
Maximum speed | 140 km/h (87 mph) |
Power output | 1,677 kW (2,249 hp) (1,500 kW (2,000 hp) 2803/2804) |
Tractive effort | 270 kN (61,000 lbf) |
Career | |
---|---|
Operators | VR |
Class | Dr16 |
Number in class | 18 |
Numbers | 2805–2813, 2815–2823 |
Nicknames | Iso Vaalee (Big White) |
Locale | northern and eastern Finland |
Current owner | VR |
Disposition | In Service |
The Dr16 is a class of
History
In the beginning of the 1980s, Valtionrautatiet needed new locomotives to replace its aging
Four prototypes
It was originally planned that two locomotives would be first built as prototypes,[6] the first of them being fitted with a Wärtsilä engine and the second one with the Pielstick.[8] When the first prototype ran on its own on 22 April 1985 for the first time,[9] there was a Pielstick engine under its engine cover, because the Wärtsilä one had proved three tons too heavy.[8] When completion of the Wärtsilä engine was delayed a second time, the second prototype was also fitted with a Pielstick. [10] Due to these engine problems, the number of prototypes was extended to four in January 1986.[10] The locomotives, numbered 2801–2804, were taken into service in 1985–1987:[11] the first two had a Pielstick engine, the latter two a Wärtsilä.[10] On 13 March 1989 VR confirmed that Pielstick engines would be fitted on all the upcoming locomotives.[12] The Wärtsilä engines were kept on the two prototypes, as refitting them would have been too costly.[13]
The main series
After an extensive testing programme, the 19 series locomotives were delivered between 1990 and 1992.
Technical information
Originally the engines were planned to be of Finnish design (Wärtsilä Vaasa 8R22), but after tests with two prototype locos, the engine type was changed into
The locomotive was very modern at its time and it was among the first[6] to use microprocessor-controlled GTO thyristor inverter-driven three-phase asychronous AC motors.[18] The construction is modular,[19] and data is transmitted via optical fiber cables between modules.[citation needed] The maximum speed is 140 kilometres per hour (87 mph).[20] The maximum frequency of the inverters corresponds to 156 kilometres per hour (97 mph), and the locomotive has reached that in test runs.[citation needed] The locomotive provides 400 kW 1500 V electricity for heating of passenger cars.[21]
Livery
The first two prototypes were painted in a white/red livery to go with VR's recent InterCity brand, showcasing the VR logo next to the cab.[22][23] The final livery (starting from number 2803) added some grey on the side of the engine covers.[24] Two of the locomotives (numbers 2816[25] and 2819[26]) have been repainted in a new white/green livery in 2010 and 2011. These have been called Iso Kalpee (Finnish for "Big Pale") by railroad enthusiasts.[citation needed]
Fleet details
Of a total of 23 built locomotives, five Dr16:s have been withdrawn from service and/or scrapped. This includes all of the prototype locomotives (numbers 2801–2804), which were withdrawn between 2004 and 2009.[27][28]
In addition to the prototypes, one series locomotive, number 2814, was scrapped in 2000 after sustaining serious damage in a level crossing accident near the municipality of Ii.[27][29] After the accident, the obstruction clearing device of the Dr16 was redesigned and strengthened according to the recommendation of the accident investigation board.[27][29]
Built | First test runs | Official delivery | Withdrawn | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2801 | 22 April 1985 | 25 June 1986 | 28 June 1989 | 20 January 2004 | Pielstick engine. |
2802 | 16 February 1986 | 16 March 1987 | 28 June 1989 | July 2009 | Pielstick engine. Closest to the series locomotives. |
2803 | 31 October 1986 | 30 December 1986 | 28 June 1989 | 20 January 2004 | Wärtsilä engine. |
2804 | 23 January 1987 | 30 September 1987 | 28 June 1989 | 30 November 2004 | Wärtsilä engine. |
Delivered | Withdrawn | |
---|---|---|
2805 | 28 December 1990 | |
2806 | 28 December 1990 | |
2807 | 28 December 1990 | October 2014 |
2808 | 28 December 1990 | October 2014 |
2809 | 11 February 1991 | |
2810 | 4 March 1991 | 6 July 2020 |
2811 | 10 April 1991 | |
2812 | 20 May 1991 | |
2813 | 25 June 1991 | |
2814 | 30 August 1991 | 9 February 2000 |
2815 | 27 September 1991 | |
2816 | 25 October 1991 | |
2817 | 22 November 1991 | |
2818 | 20 December 1991 | |
2819 | 23 January 1992 | |
2820 | 21 February 1992 | 23 February 2018 |
2821 | 26 March 1992 | |
2822 | 24 April 1992 | |
2823 | 30 June 1992 |
Sources: Pentikäinen 2006, pp. 40, 50, 60, 100, 128; Isovaalee.info
Variants
Ttm1
Also known as type N locomotive (Finnish: N-veturi) or Dv13. It is a smaller work locomotive that implements some of the components of the Dr16.[30] The two locomotives share also the same computer system.[30] It is owned nowadays by Maansiirto Veli Hyyryläinen Oy (part of Destia group).[citation needed]
Sx prototype
Valmet originally prepared the Dr12 to be modified as a full electric locomotive while building it, designing it for speeds up to 180 km/h (110 mph).
References
- ^ Pentikäinen 2006, pp. 115–134.
- ^ Pentikäinen 2006, pp. 130–131.
- ^ Eonsuu, Honkanen & Pölhö 1995.
- ^ Pentikäinen 2006, p. 16.
- ^ Pentikäinen 2006, p. 19.
- ^ a b c Pentikäinen 2006, p. 20.
- ^ Pentikäinen 2006, p. 54.
- ^ a b Pentikäinen 2006, p. 30.
- ^ Pentikäinen 2006, p. 40.
- ^ a b c Pentikäinen 2006, p. 50.
- ^ Pentikäinen 2006, pp. 49–80.
- ^ a b Pentikäinen 2006, p. 74.
- ^ Pentikäinen 2006, pp. 74–75.
- ^ Pentikäinen 2006, p. 100.
- ^ Pentikäinen 2006, p. 99.
- ^ Pentikäinen 2006, pp. 30–31, 74.
- ^ Pentikäinen 2006, p. 127.
- ^ Pentikäinen 2006, pp. 104, 111.
- ^ Pentikäinen 2006, p. 106.
- ^ Pentikäinen 2006, p. 108.
- ^ "Dr16-veturi maailman huipulta". Resiina (in Finnish): 67–71. February 1989.
- ^ Maasalo, Esko (12 June 1986). "Vaunut.org - Kuva". Retrieved 15 June 2011.
- ^ Muurinen, Tapio (April 1988). "Vaunut.org - Kuva". Retrieved 15 June 2011.
- ^ Pentikäinen 2006, p. 59.
- ^ Pentikäinen, Petri P (28 February 2011). "2816 vihrein kuvioin liikenteessä" (in Finnish). Petrin Viestintä. Retrieved 10 May 2011.
- ^ Pentikäinen, Petri P (22 August 2010). "2819 valmis" (in Finnish). Petrin Viestintä. Retrieved 10 May 2011.
- ^ a b c Pentikäinen 2006, p. 128.
- ^ Pentikäinen, Petri P. "2802" (in Finnish). Petrin Viestintä. Retrieved 10 May 2011.
- ^ a b "B1/2000R Onnettomuus Iissä Akolan vartioimattomassa tasoristeyksessä 9.2.2000". Accident investigation board of Finland. 11 September 2000. Retrieved 12 May 2011.
- ^ a b Pentikäinen 2006, p. 112.
- ^ Pentikäinen 2006, p. 27.
- ^ Pentikäinen 2006, p. 29.
Literature
- Eonsuu, Tapio; Honkanen, Pekka; Pölhö, Eljas (1995). Suomen veturit osa 2. Moottorikalusto. Elokuvan Maailma. pp. 38–39. ISBN 952-5060-02-0.
- Pentikäinen, Petri P. (2006). Iso Vaalee. Petrin Viestintä. ISBN 952-92-0413-2.
External links
- "Finnish Diesel Locomotives". 4rail.net. Dr16.