Waitomokia
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Waitomokia (also Moerangi,[1] Gabriel Hill or Mount Gabriel) is a volcano in the Auckland volcanic field. Waitomokia's 600 m (2,000 ft) wide tuff crater contained three small scoria cones up to 20 m (66 ft) high, one with a crater, which were quarried in the 1950s.
Geology
The volcano erupted an estimated 20,300 years ago, based on volcanic ash samples found at
tuff ring.[1] The cones, each approximately 30 metres in height, were produced by explosive eruptions from three vents in the centre of the crater. The two eastern cones were conical, while the south-western peak was a spatter cone with an 18-metre deep crater.[1] After the initial eruptions, the crater formed a freshwater swamp.[1]
Human history
The crater lake and swamp were given the name Waitomokia ("Water Seeping into the Ground") by
Mataoho"), referring to the deity who was involved in their creation.[2][3] The two conical cones were the location of a pā (hillfort), and the sides were terraced with kūmara rua (sweet potato storage pits).[1]
When European settlers arrived in the
References
- ^ ISBN 978-0-582-71784-8.
- ^ "The History of Our Marae". Makaurau Marae. Retrieved 1 September 2021.
- Wikidata Q58677091.
- ^ Thomson, Joelle (27 February 2005). "Winemakers go for growth". The New Zealand Herald. Retrieved 31 January 2022.
- ^ "Bic Runga, Tim Finn & The Topp Twins to party at Villa Maria". Ambient Light Blog. 21 October 2020. Retrieved 31 January 2022.
- ^ Jones, Emma (11 December 2017). "Review: Jack Johnson live at Villa Maria Vineyard". Stuff. Retrieved 31 January 2022.
- ^ Loren, EAnna (26 February 2018). "Review: The National serve up a polished, melancholy performance at Auckland's Villa Maria". Stuff. Retrieved 31 January 2022.
- City of Volcanoes: A geology of Auckland - Searle, Ernest J.; revised by Mayhill, R.D.; Longman Paul, 1981. First published 1964. ISBN 0-582-71784-1.
- Volcanoes of Auckland: A Field Guide. Hayward, B.W.; Auckland University Press, 2019, 335 pp. ISBN 0-582-71784-1.
External links
- 1899 photo of Waitomokia showing its three cones
- 1930 view of Waitomokia
- Aerial photos of Waitomokia
36°58′37″S 174°46′13″E / 36.976981°S 174.770336°E
