Ward Goodenough
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Ward Goodenough | |
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Born | Ward Hunt Goodenough II May 30, 1919 Cambridge, Massachusetts, U.S. |
Died | June 9, 2013 | (aged 94)
Nationality | American |
Education | Groton School Cornell University (BA) Yale University (PhD) |
Occupation | Anthropologist |
Parent(s) | Erwin Ramsdell Goodenough Helen Miriam Lewis |
Relatives | John B. Goodenough (brother) |
Ward Hunt Goodenough II (May 30, 1919 – June 9, 2013.
Biography and major works
This section needs additional citations for verification. (July 2022) |
Goodenough was born May 30, 1919, in
After the war, Goodenough returned to Yale. There, he was a student of
Goodenough completed his Ph.D., entitled "A Grammar of Social Interaction" in 1949. It was later reworked and published as Property, Kin, and Community on Truk. Marshall and Caughey describe it as "the premier publication resulting from CIMA, one of the enduring classics of Pacific ethnography".[3]: 9 From 1948 to 1949, Goodenough held a teaching position in Anthropology at the University of Wisconsin–Madison. He moved to the University of Pennsylvania in 1949, where he remained until his retirement in 1989. In 1951 conducted additional fieldwork in Kiribati, and in 1954 he organized a group of his graduate students on a collaborative ethnographic investigation of New Britain, in Papua New Guinea. This included anthropologists such as Ann Chowning and Charles Valentine and Edith Valentine.[3]: 10
In the mid-fifties Goodenough earned a reputation as a key anthropological theorist. In papers like "Componential Analysis and the Study of Meaning" he pioneered a scientifically rigorous study of culture. But he was active on other fronts as well. His long volume Cooperation in Change: An Anthropological Approach to Community Development (1963) was an important contribution to applied anthropology, and he also completed a textbook entitled Culture, Language, and Society (1981). In 1968 he was invited to give the Lewis Henry Morgan lectures, one of the highest honors in American anthropology, which were later published as Description and Comparison in Cultural Anthropology. Throughout his career Goodenough continued to produce specialist ethnographic works on Micronesia, most notably a Trukese-English Dictionary (1990) and a monograph on pre-Christian religious traditions on Chuuk entitled Under Heaven's Brow (2002).
As he matured Goodenough continued to gain in eminence and received additional honors and awards. He served as the President of the Society for Applied Anthropology in 1963, was the editor of American Anthropologist (the top journal in American anthropology) from 1966-1970, was elected member of the Anthropology section of the
Main ideas and contributions
An expert on Chuukese kinship, his best known work is the development of a method for applying componential analysis to the study of kinship terminology, and his disagreements with David M. Schneider about the value of formal analyses of Kinship terminology. He also developed Ralph Linton's Status/Role theory, also applying a structural componential analysis.
Selected publications
- 1951. Property, Kin and Community on Truk. Yale University Publications in Anthropology, No. 46.
- 1955. "A Problem in Malayo-Polynesian Social Organization." American Anthropologist 57:71-83.
- 1956. "Residence Rules." Southwestern Journal of Anthropology 12:22-37.
- 1956. "Componential Analysis and the Study of Meaning." Language 32(1):195-216.
- 1957. "Oceana and the Problem of Controls in the Study of Cultural and Human Evolution." Journal of the Polynesian Society 66:146-155.
- 1957. "Cultural anthropology and linguistics". In: Garvin, Paul L. (Hg.): Report of the Seventh Annual Round table Meeting on Linguistics and Language Study. Washington, D.C.: Georgetown University, Monograph Series on Language and Linguistics No. 9. P. 167–173
- 1964. (Editor) Explorations in Cultural Anthropology: Essays in Honor of George Peter Murdock. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company.
- 1965. "Yankee Kinship Terminology: A Problem in Componential Analysis." In E.A. Hammel, ed., Formal Semantic Analysis, pp259–297. Special Publication, American Anthropologist, vol. 67, no. 5, pt. 2.
- 1963. Cooperation in Change: An Anthropological Approach to Community Development. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
- 1970. Description and Comparison in Cultural Anthropology. Chicago: Aldine.
- 1971. Culture Language and Society. Reading, Mass.: Addison-Wesley Modular Publications, No. 7.
- 2002. Under Heaven’s Brow: Pre-Christian Religious Tradition in Chuuk. Memoirs of the American Philosophical Society, Volume 246. Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society.
- Goodenough, Ward H. (2003). "In Pursuit of Culture". Annual Review of Anthropology. 32: 1–12. .
References
- ^ "Ward Goodenough Obituary (2013) - Haverford, PA - Delaware County Daily & Sunday Times". Legacy.com.
- ISBN 9780810833395.
- ^ a b c d Marshall and Caughey (1989). Culture, Kin, and Cognition in Oceania. Washington, DC: American Anthropological Association.
- .
- ^ "Ward H. Goodenough". www.nasonline.org. Retrieved 2022-08-11.
- ^ "APS Member History". search.amphilsoc.org. Retrieved 2022-08-11.
- ^ "Ward Hunt Goodenough". American Academy of Arts & Sciences. Retrieved 2022-08-11.
- Kimmell, Arwen. "Ward H. Goodenough". Retrieved December 4, 2007.