Wells-next-the-Sea Lifeboat Station
Wells-next-the-Sea lifeboat station | |
---|---|
RNLI Lifeboat Station | |
Architectural style | Steelframe Boathouse with brick and block construction |
Location | Wells Lifeboat Station, Beach Road, Wells-next-the-Sea, Norfolk, NR23 1DR |
Country | England |
Coordinates | 52°58′22.5″N 0°51′6.12″E / 52.972917°N 0.8517000°E |
Opened | 1830 Taken over by RNLI in 1869 |
Owner | Royal National Lifeboat Institution |
Wells-next-the-Sea Lifeboat Station is a lifeboat station in the town of Wells-next-the-Sea in the English county of Norfolk.[1] The station, run by the Royal National Lifeboat Institution (RNLI), operates both inshore and offshore lifeboats. The inshore boat is a D-class (IB1) lifeboat named Peter Wilcox (D-707), whilst the offshore lifeboat is Shannon-class 13-46 named Duke of Edinburgh (Civil Service No.53) (ON 1161). The station boathouse is located at the beach on the western side of Wells Harbour mouth.[2]
History
1800s: earliest rescue services
Early sea rescues in Wells were performed by private citizens who often attempted to use their rescue efforts to claim salvage rights to the rescued vessel for their own profit.[3][4] The first organised rescue service at Wells was run by the Norfolk Shipwreck Association (NSA) and began in 1830 when an existing unnamed lifeboat that had been at Cromer was sent to Wells.[2]
By the 1860s, there was no longer a lifeboat stationed at Wells, and the NSA operation had fallen into decline. At the same time, maritime incidents off the shores of
1880s: Wells lifeboat disaster and Emma rescue
On 29 October 1880, the 171-ton brig Ocean Queen was caught in a gale and sought shelter at Wells-next-the-Sea. At 1:00 pm, the Eliza Adams launched to the aid of another brig, the Sharon Rose, which had run ashore on the beach at nearby Holkham. Seven sailors were rescued and the lifeboat returned to Wells, where it discovered the Ocean Queen close to the harbour entrance, flying a distress flag. After a partial crew change, the Eliza Adams returned to sea to assist the Ocean Queen, which had been driven ashore nearby. The lifeboat was unable to assist and returned to port, but was swamped by a large wave en route and capsized; 11 of the lifeboat's 13 crewmen drowned. The crew of the Ocean Queen remained aboard their vessel, and were able to walk ashore once the storm had abated and the tide receded.
On 4 October 1883, a gale blew the schooner Emma of Jersey onto the East Bar near Wells, stranding her. Wells lifeboat RNLB Charlotte Nicholls was launched to assist.[8] The Emma was heavily damaged, so the Charlotte Nicholls took her five crewmen back to Wells.[8]
1890s: new location
By the 1890s, it had become evident that the location of the 1869 boathouse was problematic. At low water the lifeboat could not get out into the open sea and was overly reliant on the tide. In 1893, the lifeboat RNLB Baltic (ON 198) was launched for three rescues, but arrived too late to provide actual assistance at any of them.[6][9] Construction began on a new station 1.2 miles (1.9 km) north of the existing station in 1894 and was completed in October 1895. The Baltic (ON 198) was replaced by a vessel bearing the same name, the RNLB Baltic (ON 375).[6][9]
1930s–1970s: motor and inshore lifeboats
Although motor lifeboats had been available since at least 1911, Wells was not provided with one until 1936 because of the need for an appropriate boat launch. The station received a Surf-class lifeboat, the RNLB Royal Silver Jubilee (ON 780), which had been designed by James Barnett and was light enough for the beach launch required at Wells.[10] She was also the first Surf-class to be propelled by a basic water jet system, which was ideal for the shallow water at Wells.[10]
By the mid-1960s, the North Norfolk coast had seen an increased use of marine incidents resulting from pleasure boating and beachgoing. An inshore service was established in 1963 to alleviate the workload for the All-weather lifeboat Cecil Paine and decrease response times.[citation needed]
Over 18 and 19 May 1963, the cabin cruiser Seamu had run aground at low tide at the entrance to Blakeney harbour. The Cecil Paine was launched to assist, arriving on scene at 10:50 pm. Seas were rough and winds were high. The coxswain made several attempts to approach, but sandbanks and high winds made it difficult. After four attempts, the two crewmen of the Seamu were finally taken aboard the Cecil Paine to safety. The coxswain was awarded an RNLI Bronze Medal.[11]
Until 1976, the inshore service was provided by a series of unnamed D-class (RFD PB16) lifeboats. The first inshore boat at Wells to have a name was RNLB Spirit of Rotary (D-246), which was on the station from 1976 until 1987. In January 1978 a severe storm destroyed the IRB house and damaged the doors to the main boathall. A new IRB house was built onto the side of the main station.[citation needed]
On the morning of 15 February 1979,
1980s–1990s: Station improvements and Mersey-class
The 1895 beach road station has been improved and renovated on several occasions, but the bulk of the structure is still original.[2] The crew facilities were expanded with an additional level in 1983, and a boathouse extension was added in 1986 to house the inshore lifeboat.[2]
In 1990 the station was allocated a new Mersey-class lifeboat, the 12-003 Doris M. Mann of Ampthill (ON 1161), prompting significant alterations to the boathouse in order to accommodate it.[6][15] The house had to be almost completely re-built whilst retaining the historic integrity of the 1895 structure. In the mid 1990s work was also carried out to combat coastal erosion on the sandy headland where the boat house is located. This was achieved by re-using greenheart[6] timbers re-claimed after the demolition of the Eastbourne[6] slipway. Extra new groynes were also installed to retain the beach in front of the station, vital for the continued beach launching of the lifeboats.[citation needed]
2020s: New Boathouse and Shannon-class
A new bigger boathouse was required to house the soon to arrive new Shannon-class lifeboat for Wells-next-the Sea, to be built to the west of the existing boathouse, parts of which are more than 125 years old. Work on the construction of the new boathouse started in September 2020,[16] and was completed in October 2022. [17]
Demolition of the 1895 boathouse soon followed in November 2022.[18]
Part funded by a successful local campaign in 2014–2015 and part by the Civil Service charity The Lifeboat Fund, Shannon-class 13-46 Duke of Edinburgh (Civil Service No.53) (ON 1353) arrived at Wells-next-the-Sea in October 2022, replacing Doris M. Mann of Ampthill (ON 1161) in early 2023.[19]
Station honours
The following are awards made at Wells-next-the-Sea[20][21]
- David James Cox, Coxswain - 1979
- Francis Robert Taylor, DSM, Second Coxswain - 1963
- David James Cox, Coxswain - 1982
- The Thanks of the Institution inscribed on Vellum
- T Neilsen, Coxswain - 1942
- William Cox, Coxswain - 1955
- David J Cox, Coxswain - 1964
- Albert Court, Motor Mechanic - 1971
- David J Cox, Coxswain - 1973
- Allen Frary, Coxswain - 2001
- Robert Smith, Second Coxswain - 2001
- A Framed Letter of Thanks signed by the Chairman of the Institution
- The Coxswain and Crew - 1966
- David J Cox BEM, Coxswain - 1983
- Graham Walker, Coxswain/Mechanic - 1992
- James Case, crew member - 1992
- Graham Walker, Coxswain/Mechanic - 1993
- Allen Frary, Second Coxswain - 1993
- All the all-weather lifeboat crew and shore helpers - 1996
- Allen Frary, Coxswain/Mechanic - 2003
- David James Cox - 1981[22]
Wells-next-the-Sea Lifeboats
All-weather lifeboats
ON[a] | Op. No.[b] | Name | In service [25] | Class | Comments |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
– | – | Unnamed | 1830–1850 | North Country-type, pulling | |
– | – | Eliza Adams | 1869–1880 | 33-foot Self-Righting (P&S) | [26] |
– | – | Charlotte Nicholls | 1880–1888 | 37-foot Self-Righting (P&S) | [26] |
198 | – | Baltic | 1888–1895 | 37-foot Self-Righting (P&S) | |
375 | – | Baltic | 1895–1913 | 35-foot 3in Cromer
|
|
425 | – | James Stevens No. 8
|
1913–1916 | Liverpool (P&S) | |
665 | – | Baltic | 1916–1936 | Liverpool (P&S) | |
780 | – | Royal Silver Jubilee | 1936–1945 | Surf | [27] |
850 | – | Cecil Paine | 1945–1965 | Liverpool | |
832 | – | Lucy Lavers | 1962 1963–1964 |
Liverpool | (Relief fleet) |
982 | 37-15 | Ernest Tom Neathercoat | 1965–1990 | Oakley | |
961 | 37-03 | Calouste Gulbenkian | 1978–1979 1983 1987–1988 |
Oakley | (Relief fleet) |
1161 | 12-003 | Doris M. Mann of Ampthill | 1990–2023 | Mersey | [28] |
1124 | 12-001 | Peggy and Alex Caird | 1998 | Mersey | (Relief fleet) |
1162 | 12-004 | Royal Shipwright | 2003 | Mersey | (Relief fleet) |
1353 | 13-46 | Duke of Edinburgh (Civil Service No.53) |
2023– | Shannon | [29] |
Inshore lifeboats
Op. No.[b] | Name | In service [25] | Class | Comments |
---|---|---|---|---|
D-11 | Unnamed | 1963–1964 | D-class (RFD PB16) | |
D-9 | Unnamed | 1964–1965 | D-class (RFD PB16) | |
D-29 | Unnamed | 1965 | D-class (RFD PB16) | |
D-8 | Unnamed | 1965–1966 | D-class (RFD PB16) | |
D-82 | Unnamed | 1966–1968 | D-class (RFD PB16) | |
D-25 | Unnamed | 1968–1969 | D-class (RFD PB16) | |
D-113 | Unnamed | 1969–1976 | D-class (RFD PB16) | |
D-246 | Spirit of Rotary | 1976–1987 | D-class (Zodiac III) | |
D-352 | Jane Ann | 1988–1996 | D-class (EA16) | |
D-512 | Jane Ann II | 1996–2006 | D-class (EA16) | |
D-661 | Jane Ann III | 2006–2016 | D-class (IB1) | |
D-797 | Peter Wilcox | 2016– | D-class (IB1) |
Launch and recovery tractors
Op. No.[b] | Reg. No. | Type | In service[25] | Comments |
---|---|---|---|---|
T19 | TY 2547 | Clayton | 1936–1939 | |
T32 | FYE 221 | Case L | 1939–1954 | |
T59 | FYE 221 | Fowler | 1954–1969 | |
T68 | YUV 742 | Fowler | 1969–1974 | |
T67 | YLD 792 | Fowler | 1974–1979 | |
T63 | PXF 163 | Fowler | 1979–1983 | |
T72 | 518 GYM | Case 1000D | 1983 | |
T60 | OXO 323 | Fowler | 1983–1985 | |
T99 | C82 NUX | Talus MB-H Crawler | 1986–1993 | |
T91 | UAW 558Y | Talus MB-H Crawler | 1993–1995 | |
T99 | C82 NUX | Talus MB-H Crawler | 1995–2006 | |
T96 | B688 HUJ | Talus MB-H Crawler | 2006–2023 | |
SC-T27 | HF22 BWJ | SLARS (Clayton) | 2022– | Patricia Jean Bettany |
Gallery
-
The First RNLI lifeboat station which is now used as the Harbour Masters Office and a Maritime Museum. It is a Grade II listed building.
-
The Liverpool-class motor lifeboat RNLB Cecil Paine (ON 850) on station between 1945 and 1965.
-
The Liverpool-class motor lifeboat RNLB Lucy Lavers (ON 832) on station in 1962 and between 1963 and 1964.
-
The Oakley-class motor lifeboat RNLB Ernest Tom Neathercoat (ON 982) on station between 1965 and 1990.
-
Memorial: Wells lifeboat disaster of 29 October 1880.
See also
- List of RNLI stations
- Royal National Lifeboat Institution
- Royal National Lifeboat Institution lifeboats
References
- ISBN 0-319-21887-2.
- ^ ISBN 1 85794 129 2
- ISBN 978 0861380473
- ^ The Ship-Wrecks off NORTH NORFOLK. Author: Tikus, Ayer. Publisher:Ayer Tikus Publications, First Edition 2003. Work: The Beach Companies, Page 18, Description of the activities, reference to formation of Longshoreman’s company of Wells. ASIN B0032Z2NU0
- ^ "Norfolk Heritage Explorer – Lifeboat House Wells-next-the-Sea". NHER No. 47433 – Description and details of the Lifeboat house. Norfolk Heritage Explorer © 2014 Norfolk Historic Environment Service. Retrieved 20 March 2014.
- ^ ISBN 0752438751
- ^ Historic England. "Lifeboat House, Wells-Next-the-Sea (1277330)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 7 October 2019.
- ^ ISBN 0752438751
- ^ a b "Baltic Exchange Lifeboats". Details of the Baltic Exchange sponsorship of Wells Lifeboats. Baltic Exchange Information Services Ltd. Retrieved 20 March 2014.
- ^ a b "Surf-class 32 foot carriage boat". List of Surf-class lifeboats, includes ON780. Lifeboat World On-Line© 2014. Retrieved 20 March 2014.
- ISBN 0 907605 89 3
- ISBN 9781907426216
- ISBN 9780750943079
- ISBN 0-907605-89-3
- ISBN 9781852604196
- ^ "Work starts on new boathouse - 10". www.wellslifeboat.org. Retrieved 21 April 2022.
- ^ "Take a look: RNLI Wells' beautiful new lifeboat station". Ridge & Partners LLP. Retrieved 30 December 2023.
- ^ "Photographs show now-demolished former RNLI station at Wells". Fakenham and Wells Times. Retrieved 26 November 2022.
- ^ "Wells RNLI's new lifeboat Duke of Edinburgh arrives to sunshine and cheers". RNLI. Retrieved 9 October 2022.
- ^ "Wells' Station history". RNLI. Retrieved 30 January 2024.
- ISBN 0-907605-89-3.
- ^ "British Empire Medal (Civil Division)". The Gazette. Retrieved 10 February 2024.
- ^ "Ordinary Members of the Civil Division of the said Most Excellent Order of the British Empire". The Gazette. Retrieved 10 February 2024.
- ^ Sykes, Justine (16 November 2021). "RNLI Wells crew member receives MBE for 53 years service of saving lives at sea". RNLI. Retrieved 30 January 2024.
- ^ a b c Leonard, Richie; Denton, Tony (2024). Lifeboat Enthusiasts Handbook 2024. Lifeboat Enthusiasts Society. pp. 4–132.
- ^ a b Leonard, Richie; Denton, Tony (2021). Lifeboat Enthusiasts Handbook 2021. Lifeboat Enthusiasts Society. pp. 2–18.
- ^ "RNLI Wells Lifeboat and Tractor, 1936". Rlangham12. Retrieved 29 January 2009.
- ^ "A fond farewell to the 'Doris M Mann of Ampthill'". RNLI. Retrieved 12 February 2023.
- ^ "The Duke of Kent officially names the new RNLI lifeboat, RNLB Duke of Edinburgh". Royal.UK. Retrieved 5 June 2023.