William Henry Sneed

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William Henry Sneed
Member of the
William Churchwell
Succeeded byHorace Maynard
Personal details
Born(1812-08-27)August 27, 1812
Davidson County, Tennessee, US
DiedSeptember 18, 1869(1869-09-18) (aged 57)
Knoxville, Tennessee, US
Political partyWhig Party
American Party
Democratic Party
SpouseEliza Williams[1]
ChildrenJoseph Sneed
Thomas Sneed
Kate Sneed (Jones)
Fannie Sneed (Eldridge)[2]
ProfessionAttorney, Politician

William Henry Sneed (August 27, 1812 – September 18, 1869) was an American attorney and politician, active initially in

Lamar House Hotel, which he purchased in 1856.[4]

Biography

Early life and career

Sneed was born in rural Davidson County, Tennessee on August 27, 1812. After completing preparatory studies, he moved with his father's family to Rutherford County. He studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1834, and commenced practice in Murfreesboro.[5] In 1839, he formed a partnership with Judge Charles Ready, which lasted until 1843.[1]

From 1843 to 1845, Sneed represented Rutherford County and Williamson County in the Tennessee Senate. When the senate met in October 1843, Sneed and Warren County senator Samuel Laughlin led a failed attempt to have the state capital moved from Nashville to Murfreesboro, arguing that the residents of the former city (primarily financiers and businessmen) were not representative of the state as a whole.[6] After his senate term, he moved briefly to Greeneville, where he formed a law partnership with Robert J. McKinney. By the end of 1845, Sneed had relocated to Knoxville to practice law.[1]

1850s

In Knoxville, Sneed quickly became acquainted with the city's business and political leaders. In the late 1840s, he successfully represented the newly formed

William Montgomery Churchwell, who had renovated and expanded it in the early 1850s.[4]

Sneed served in the United States House of Representatives from March 4, 1855 to March 3, 1857. Originally a

circuit judge.[5] By the end of the decade, Sneed had aligned himself with the Democratic Party.[3]

Civil War

Sneed initially opposed the idea of secession, but by the late 1850s, his sentiments had shifted. This brought him into conflict with his long-time friend,

William "Parson" Brownlow, radical publisher of the pro-Union Knoxville Whig. On February 2, 1861, Sneed published a circular in the Whig arguing that secession was already a fact, and that East Tennesseans should avoid bloody conflict against fellow Southerners. Realizing that mountainous East Tennessee would not be sympathetic to complaints of Southern planters, Sneed went to great lengths to show how the abolition of slavery would harm poor Southern whites, arguing that emancipation would lead to higher taxes and greater competition for manual labor jobs.[3]

Sneed remained in Knoxville through the first half of the war. On June 20, 1863, he helped thwart an attempted raid of the city by General William P. Sanders. When Union forces occupied Knoxville later that year, however, Sneed was forced to flee to Bristol, and remained in exile until the end of the war.[3] Burnside's successor as commander of Knoxville's Union forces, Joseph Foster, used Sneed's house at the corner of Cumberland Avenue and Market Street as his headquarters.[1]

In early 1864, Brownlow, who was initially cordial toward Sneed on account of their pre-war friendship, had turned outright hostile. Sneed's name was among those enumerated by Brownlow as "Imps of Hell" who deserved to "die the deaths of traitors."[3] Brownlow also filed a lawsuit against Sneed, leading to the seizure and auctioning off of the Lamar House Hotel.[4] In 1865, when it was rumored Sneed was going to take the Oath of Allegiance and return to Knoxville, Brownlow's son and successor as Whig editor, John Bell Brownlow, called on Union soldiers to assassinate Sneed.[3]

Later life

Sneed returned to Knoxville in 1867.

William Rule, Sneed was described as "one of the most painstaking, laborious and able lawyers of his time."[8]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f East Tennessee Historical Society, Mary Rothrock (ed.), The French Broad-Holston Country: A History of Knox County, Tennessee (Knoxville, Tenn.: East Tennessee Historical Society, 1972), pp. 141, 487-488, 496.
  2. ^ William T. Hale, A History of Tennessee and Tennesseans (Chicago and New York: Lewis Publishing Company, 1913), p. 1380.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h Robert McKenzie, Lincolnites and Rebels: A Divided Town in the American Civil War (New York: Oxford University Press, 2006), pp. 55-60, 198-199, 208, 220.
  4. ^ a b c d e Dean Novelli, "On a Corner of Gay Street: A History of the Lamar House—Bijou Theater, Knoxville, Tennessee, 1817–1985." East Tennessee Historical Society Publications, Vol. 56 (1984), pp. 3-45.
  5. ^ a b William Henry Sneed. Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved: 13 October 2010.
  6. ^ Bill Carey, Capitol Battles. NashvillePost.com, 1 February 2004. Retrieved: 13 October 2010.
  7. ^ William Cook, Hancock County. Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture, 2002. Retrieved: 13 October 2010.
  8. ^ a b John Wooldridge, George Mellen, William Rule (ed.), Standard History of Knoxville, Tennessee (Chicago: Lewis Publishing Company, 1900; reprinted by Kessinger Books, 2010), p. 485.

External links

  • United States Congress. "William Henry Sneed (id: S000651)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.
  • William Henry Sneed at Find a Grave
U.S. House of Representatives
Preceded by
William M. Churchwell
 Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Tennessee's 2nd congressional district
1855–1857 		Succeeded by
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