Wyry
Wyry | |
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Wyry ([ˈvɨrɨ]) (German: Wyrow) is a village in Mikołów County, Silesian Voivodeship, in southern Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Wyry.[1] It lies approximately 4 kilometres (2 mi) south of Mikołów and 15 km (9 mi) south-west of the regional capital Katowice.
History
The village was first mentioned in a 1287 document of Mieszko I, Duke of Cieszyn, when it was part of Piast-ruled fragmented Poland.[2] Its name comes from an Old Polish word wir, meaning "spring".[2]
During the political upheaval caused by
In the first days of the invasion of Poland, which started World War II, in September 1939, Wyry was the site of fierce Polish defense against invading Germany.[2] Afterwards, on 4–6 September 1939, the Germans murdered several Polish inhabitants of the village.[4] There is a memorial to the murdered inhabitants, as well as graves of fallen Polish soldiers of the 1939 battle, in Wyry.
Coal was mined in Wyry until the 1960s.[2]
References
- ^ "Central Statistical Office (GUS) - TERYT (National Register of Territorial Land Apportionment Journal)" (in Polish). 2008-06-01.
- ^ a b c d e f "Historia". Portal gminy Wyry (in Polish). Retrieved 14 March 2020.
- ^ Musioł, Ludwik (1930). "Dokument sprzedaży księstwa pszczyńskiego z dn. 21. lutego 1517 R." Roczniki Towarzystwa Przyjaciół Nauk na Śląsku. R. 2. Katowice: nakł. Towarzystwa ; Drukiem K. Miarki: 235–237. Retrieved 12 September 2014.
- ^ Maria Wardzyńska, Był rok 1939. Operacja niemieckiej policji bezpieczeństwa w Polsce. Intelligenzaktion, IPN, Warsaw, 2009, p. 134 (in Polish)
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