Zoque languages
Zoque | |
---|---|
O'de püt | |
Ethnicity | Mixe–Zoquean
|
Subdivisions |
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Glottolog | zoqu1261 |
Locations (green) where Zoquean languages are spoken |
The Zoque (Mixe–Zoquean language family indigenous to southern Mexico by the Zoque people.
Central (Copainalá) Zoque-language programming is carried by the
.There are over 100,000 speakers of Zoque languages. 74,000 people reported their language to be "Zoque" in a 2020 census, and an additional 36,000 reported their language to be Sierra Popoluca. Most of the remaining 8,400 "Popoluca" speakers are presumably also Zoque.[1]
Languages
Zoquean languages fall in three groups:
- Gulf Zoquean (Veracruz Zoque)
- Sierra Popoluca (Soteapan Zoque)
- Texistepec Popoluca
- Ayapa Zoque (Tabasco Zoque)
- Oaxacan Zoque
- Chimalapa Zoque (dialects: Santa María Chimalapa, San Miguel Chimalapa)
- Copainalá Zoque
- Francisco León Zoque
- dialect cluster)
Prayer book in Zoque from the 17th century
Justeson and Kaufman also classify Epi-Olmec as a Zoquean language,[3][4][5] although this claim is disputed by Andrew Robinson.[6]
Demographics
List of ISO 639-3 codes and demographic information of Mixean languages from Ethnologue (22nd edition):[7]
Language | ISO 639-3 code | State | Municipalities and towns | Dialects | Speakers | Date/Source | Alternate names |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Zoque, Rayón | zor |
Chiapas state | Rayón and Tapilula | 2,100 | 1990 census | Zoque de Rayón | |
Zoque, Copainalá | zoc |
Chiapas state | Copainalá | Ocotepec, Ostuacán (Ostuacan Zoque). 83% intelligibility of Francisco León [zos] (most similar). | 10,000 | 1990 census | Zoque de Copainalá |
Zoque, Francisco León | zos |
Chiapas, Tabasco, Veracruz, and Oaxaca states | 1. northwest Mezcalapa Chiapas: into Tabasco, Veracruz-Llave, and Oaxaca, mainly near Grijalva River, Sayula area 2. southern Mezcalapa Chiapas: Grijalva River near Angostura Reservoir 3. eastern Mezcalapa Chiapas and Tabasco states: area surrounding northwest Guatemala tip, west bank of San Antonio River and Laguna de Naja 4. west central Mezcalapa Chiapas: upper reaches of Grijalva River |
Chapultenango, San Pedro Yaspac | 20,000 | 1990 census | Santa Magdalena Zoque, Zoque de Francisco León |
Popoluca, Highland | poi |
Veracruz state | Amamaloya, Barosa, Buena Vista, Col Benito Juárez, Cuilonia, El Aguacate, Estrivera, Guadalupe Victoria, Horno de Cal, Kilómetro Diez, La Florida, La Magdalena, Las Palmas, Hueyapan and Acayucan |
26,000 | 2000 INALI | Popoluca, Popoluca de la Sierra | |
Popoluca, Texistepec | poq |
Veracruz state | Texistepec area east of Oluta | 1 | 2011 UNSD | Texistepec | |
Zoque, Tabasco | zoq |
Tabasco state | Jalpa de Méndez municipality: Ayapa | 12 | 2016, J. Rangel | Ayapanec, Zoque de Ayapanec, Zoque de Tabasco, numte oote | |
Zoque, Chimalapa | zoh |
Oaxaca state | San Miguel Chimalapa and Santa María Chimalapa | 4,500 | 1990 census | San Miguel Chimalapa Zoque |
References
- ^ a b Lenguas indígenas y hablantes de 3 años y más, 2020 INEGI. Censo de Población y Vivienda 2020.
- ^ Laurie Bauer, 2007, The Linguistics Student's Handbook, Edinburgh
- ^ Justeson, John S., and Terrence Kaufman (1993), "A Decipherment of Epi-Olmec Hieroglyphic Writing" in Science, Vol. 259, 19 March 1993, pp. 1703–11.
- ^ Justeson, John S., and Terrence Kaufman (1997) "A Newly Discovered Column in the Hieroglyphic Text on La Mojarra Stela 1: a Test of the Epi-Olmec Decipherment", Science, Vol. 277, 11 July 1997, pp. 207–10.
- ^ Justeson, John S., and Terrence Kaufman (2001) Epi-Olmec Hieroglyphic Writing and Texts.
- ISBN 978-0-500-51453-5.
- ^ Eberhard, David M.; Simons, Gary F.; Fennig, Charles D., eds. (2019). "Mexico languages". Ethnologue: Languages of the World (22nd ed.). Dallas: SIL International.
- Wichmann, Søren, 1995. The Relationship Among the Mixe–Zoquean Languages of Mexico. University of Utah Press. Salt Lake City. ISBN 0-87480-487-6
Recordings
- Sierra Popoluca Collection of Lynda Boudreault at the Archive of the Indigenous Languages of Latin America. Contains audio recordings and transcriptions of Zoque and Soteapan in a wide range of genres. Some files are restricted but may be available upon request.
See also
- Epi-Olmec script