2015–16 Australian bushfire season
2015–16 Australian bushfire season | |
---|---|
MODIS burned area detections from June 2015 to May 2016 | |
Date(s) | Winter (June) 2015 – Autumn (May) 2016 |
Location | Australia |
Statistics | |
Burned area | Approximately 299,468 hectares (740,000 acres)[nb 1] |
Impacts | |
Deaths | 9 total
|
Structures destroyed | 900+ total
|
The most destructive bushfire season in terms of property loss since the
The season witnessed four notable fires; the
Climate summary and predictions
A longer, more severe season was predicted, with an above normal potential for bushfires—particularly along the west and east coasts—as the result of the strengthening
In Victoria, large areas of the
The areas that suffered the greatest rainfall deficiencies during the season typically receive the majority of rainfall from
Fires of note
State | Start date | Deaths | Injuries | Res. houses lost | Other structures lost | Area (ha) | Local govt. | Impacted communities | Duration | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
NSW | 1 June 2015 | 1 | 1 | 1 | Gosford | 1 day | [9][10] | |||
NT | 8 September 2015 | 2 | Litchfield | 2 days | [11][12][13] | |||||
QLD | 10 September 2015 | 8 | 1 | Townsville | [14][15] | |||||
QLD | 4 October 2015 | 1 | Townsville | [16][17] | ||||||
VIC
|
5 October 2015 | 1 | 10 | Surf Coast | 1 day | [18][19][20] | ||||
VIC
|
6 October 2015 | 6 | 15 | 4,000 | Macedon Ranges |
Benloch, Cobaw & Lancefield |
8 days | [21][22][23][24] [25][26][27] | ||
VIC
|
17 November 2015 | 1 | 50 | Wellington |
Devon North |
[28][29] | ||||
WA | 15 November 2015 | 4 | 1 | 16 | 128,000 | Esperance | 9 days | [nb 2] [30][31][32][33] [34][35][36] | ||
2 | several | 18,000 | Myalup & Stockyard Creek | |||||||
SA | 25 November 2015 | 2 | 90 | 91 | 388 | 82,000 |
Alma, Freeling, Hamley Bridge, Mallala, Nain, Pinery, Roseworthy, Stockport, Tarlee, Templers & Wasleys |
3 days | [nb 3] [37][38][39][40] [41][42][43][44] [45] | |
NSW | 26 November 2015 | 1 | 5 | Cessnock |
Stanford Merthyr |
[46][47] | ||||
VIC
|
19 December 2015 | 14 | 30 | 4,600 | Ballarat & Moorabool |
Clarendon, Durham Lead, Elaine, Garibaldi & Scotsburn |
2 days | [48][49][50][51] [52] | ||
VIC
|
19 December 2015 | 3 | 116 | 2,300 | Colac Otway | 34 days | [nb 4] [1][53][54][55] [56][57][58][59] [60][61] | |||
VIC
|
20 December 2015 | 4 | several | 7,000 | Indigo | 5 days | [48][62][63][64] | |||
WA | 6 January 2016 | 2 | 5+ | 162 | numerous | 70,000 | Harvey & Waroona |
Cookernup, Hamel, Harvey, Lake Clifton, Preston Beach, Waroona, Wagerup & Yarloop |
17 days | [nb 5] [65][66][67][68] [69][70][71][72] [73][74][75][76] [77][78][79][80] [81][82] |
VIC
|
18 January 2016 | 1 | 6 | 90 | Mornington Peninsula |
Crib Point & Stony Point |
1 day | [83][84][85][86] [87][88] | ||
VIC
|
19 January 2016 | 1 | 1 | 100 | Macedon Ranges |
Edgecombe & |
1 day | [89][90] | ||
VIC
|
23 February 2016 | 2 | 1 | 1,300 | Ballarat |
Addington & Mount Bolton |
2 days | [91][92][93] | ||
WA | 14 March 2016 | 1 | 12 | Joondalup |
|
1 day | [94][95][96] |
Fires by state or territory
New South Wales
- June
On 1 June, a 1 hectare (2.5 acres) bushfire completely destroyed one house and damaged a second house at Copacabana in the City of Gosford municipality of the Central Coast region. One civilian was treated for burns received while fighting the fire.[9][10]
- July
On 31 July, a fire ignited in the bushland of the Jamison Valley, nearby Wentworth Falls and within the City of Blue Mountains municipality. Over the next 12 days, one house was damaged and 30 hectares (74 acres) of forest were consumed by the fire, which spread rapidly due to strong winds of up to 80 kilometres per hour (50 mph). At least 150 firefighters and several water bombing aircraft were required to bring the fire under control, and it was declared extinguished on 12 August.[97][98]
- November
On 26 November, a Rural Fire Service volunteer firefighter collapsed and died while fighting a fire 5 hectares (12 acres) in size near Stanford Merthyr in the City of Cessnock municipality. Paul Sanderson, 48, volunteered with the Kurri Kurri brigade and had been a member for almost 20 years.[46][47]
Northern Territory
- September
On 8 September and during the day following, 2 houses and several vehicles and items of industrial equipment were destroyed by a bushfire burning in and around Howard Springs in the Litchfield municipality on the outskirts of Darwin.[11][12][13]
Queensland
- September
On 3 September, one house was damaged and one shed was destroyed by a bushfire at Bluewater, a suburb on the "Northern beaches" of the City of Townsville municipality.[99][100]
On 10 September, one house and up to 30 vehicles were destroyed during a bushfire at
- October
On 4 October, one house and several vehicles were destroyed by a bushfire in Cape Cleveland, to the southern end of the City of Townsville municipality.[16][17]
South Australia
- November
During November, there were a number of significant fires in
- December
On 31 December, a fire destroyed four non-residential buildings, four vehicles and 310 hectares (770 acres) of farmland around the Mosquito Hill area of the Alexandrina municipality. 120 firefighters and 4 aircraft assisted in containing the fire the same day as its ignition and 4 people were injured during the blaze.[101][102]
- March
On 2 March, a grass fire destroyed 23 b-double semi-trailers as it burned 2 hectares (4.9 acres) of land at Burton, in the north of Adelaide. 140 firefighters in 25 appliances attended the fire, supported by 2 firefighting aircraft, and 2 people suffered injuries in the fire.[103][104]
Tasmania
Victoria
- October
On 5 October, one house and 10 hectares (25 acres) of scrubland were destroyed by a bushfire at
On 6 October and during the week following, 6 houses, 15 non-residential structures, 5 vehicles and 3,100 hectares (7,700 acres) of forest and
It [the control burn] probably should not have been lit, given the broader circumstances.
- November
On 17 November, one "weekender" holiday house and 50 hectares (120 acres) of forest were destroyed by a bushfire at Devon North in the
- December
Over 19–20 December, temperatures reached up to 45 °C (113 °F) across Victoria—including 41 °C (106 °F) in
On 19 December, 14 houses and at least 30 non-residential structures were destroyed by the Scotsburn fire, which also ravaged significant areas of rural property in the City of Ballarat and Shire of Moorabool municipalities. Suburbs and towns affected included Clarendon, Durham Lead, Elaine, Garibaldi and Scotsburn. The fire had been ignited on the same day by a landowner using a slashing machine; 500 firefighting personnel and 8 aircraft attended the fire, and it was contained by 20 December.[48][49][50][51][52]
On 20 December, the Barnawartha fire destroyed 4 houses and several non-residential structures in the Shire of Indigo, as well as causing the deaths of 1,200 head of livestock. Near Wodonga, several dozen families were evacuated when the uncontrolled grass fire advanced rapidly on the town, however damage to the town itself was minimal. There were also fears that the fire may advance on Yackandandah, however rainfall of up to 20 millimetres (0.79 in) on the night of 20 December slowed the spread of the fire and limited damage to Barnawartha and Indigo Valley.[48][62][63][64]
On 25 December (Christmas Day) severe fire conditions, including a strong northerly wind, led to the Lorne-Jamieson Track fire in the
Lightning ignited the Lorne-Jamieson Track fire in inaccessible country on 19 December, and during the week prior to the 25 December run the fire had burned to a distance of approximately 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) north-west of Separation Creek. On the day of the run, a
- January
On 18 January, one house, 6 non-residential buildings and 90 hectares (220 acres) of scrub and forest were destroyed, and another house damaged, by a bushfire that burned through the
On 19 January, one house and 100 hectares (250 acres) of paddocks and grassland were destroyed by a bushfire that burned near Edgecombe and
- February
On 23 February, 2 houses, up to 6 non-residential buildings and 1,300 hectares (3,200 acres) of forest and paddocks were destroyed, and one house damaged, by a fire that burned through Addington and Mount Bolton in the City of Ballarat municipality. The cause of the fire remains undetermined.[91][92][93]
Western Australia
- October
On 1 October, a bushfire destroyed 2 sheds and 6,500 hectares (16,000 acres) of bushland in the Town of Port Hedland municipality. Residents of Bosna Estate were evacuated before at least 20 firefighting appliances helped contain the blaze. The bushfire was first reported on 29 September.[105]
- November
During November, the
- January
During January, the shires of Harvey & Waroona suffered a number of significant fires; 70,000 hectares (170,000 acres) of forest and farmland were burnt by the largest of these fires, which ignited on the night of the 6 January and was dubbed the "Waroona" fire.
On 7 January, two civilians perished when the fire-front of the Waroona fire burned into the center of the Yarloop townsite; Malcolm Taylor, 73, and Les Taylor, 77, both died within their own houses. During the time that the fire-front passed through Yarloop, it destroyed 121 houses, 18 buildings of commercial or community significance—including a fire station, a hospital, a hotel and a hall—and the historic Yarloop Workshops. In the 17 days between ignition and being extinguished, the Waroona fire destroyed at least 162 houses and a significant amount of other property in the communities of Cookernup, Hamel, Harvey, Lake Clifton, Preston Beach, Waroona, Wagerup and Yarloop.[65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76] Public road access to Yarloop was not restored until seven months after the fire when roadblocks were finally removed 11 August 2016.[106]
Effects of the Waroona fire were widespread in southern
The size of the fire allowed the creation of its own weather pattern with rising heat and particulate matter facilitating the development of both
A 'Special Inquiry Into the January 2016 Waroona Fire' was held by the Western Australian Government, headed by Euan Ferguson. Its 264-page report was released on 29 April 2016.[107]
- March
On 14 March, one townhouse and 12 hectares (30 acres) of parkland were destroyed by a fire that prompted evacuations at Edith Cowan University and damaged facilities at university situated in the City of Joondalup. A camper who had been lodging near Grassbird Avenue in Lake Joondalup Nature Reserve was charged for lighting the fire, allegedly to clear scrub near his camp site.[94][95][96]
Notes
- ^ Total area burned calculated as sum of all known burnt areas for fires listed in article as is likely to be less than the actual burnt area.
- ^ Referred to as the Esperance fires. Significant fire-weather/destruction on 17 November 2015.
- ^ Referred to as the Pinery fire. Significant fire-weather/destruction on 25 November 2015.
- Great Ocean Road fire. Significant fire-weather/destruction on 25 December 2015.
- ^ Referred to as the Harvey-Waroona fire. Significant fire-weather/destruction on 7 January 2016.
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