2019 AQ3

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2019 AQ3
LD)
Mercury MOID0.0549 AU
Venus MOID0.0384 AU
Physical characteristics
Mean diameter
1+ km (est.)[1]
0.9–2.0 km (at 0.05–0.25)[4]
1.4 km (est. at 0.08)[5]
17.4[1][3]

2019 AQ3 is an inclined

aphelion (0.77 AU), that is, the orbit's average distance and farthest point from the Sun, respectively.[6] The object was first observed on 4 January 2019, by astronomers at Palomar's Zwicky Transient Facility in California, with recovered images dating back to 2015.[1][2]

The record for smallest semi-major axis was beaten by another asteroid, 2019 LF6, with 0.555 AU.[7]

Orbit and classification

Orbit of 2019 AQ3
viewed from roughly the ascending and descending nodes of the orbit
viewed from the ecliptic pole
viewed face-on to the orbit

2019 AQ3 orbits the Sun at a distance of 0.40–0.77 

lunar distances.[3]

Aphelion

2019 AQ3's orbit has the third-smallest

aphelion of any known asteroid in the Solar System, never distancing itself more than 0.774 AU from the Sun (77% of Earth's average orbital distance).[6] Before its discovery, the record was held by (418265) 2008 EA32 at an aphelion of 0.804 AU, which is notably larger. 2019 AQ3's orbit also has a semi-major axis below that of Venus (0.723 AU) and an orbital period of 165 days, which is the third shortest among all asteroids.[8]

Atira class

2019 AQ3 is a member of the small class of

Solar elongation of more than 90°, often much less. Only 19 such asteroids are known, 14 of which still reach 90% Earth's distance from the Sun over the course of their orbit.[9]

Inclination

The asteroid's orbit is also highly inclined with respect to the plane of the Solar System, at more than 47°, the highest inclination of any known Atira asteroid,[9] although there are many near-Earth asteroids with even higher inclinations.[10]

NEOWISE
  ATLAS

  Other-US
  Others

Perturbations

On the short-term, 2019 AQ3 has a fairly

Kozai resonance because although its eccentricity and inclination oscillate in synchrony (when the eccentricity reaches its maximum value, the inclination is at its lowest and vice versa) over a long period of time, the value of the argument of perihelion circulates; the Earth-Moon system and Jupiter are its dominant perturbers.[12]

Numbering and naming

As of April 2024[update], this

numbered nor named by the Minor Planet Center.[1]

Physical characteristics

The object's diameter is estimated at 0.9–2 kilometers (0.56–1.2 miles), which corresponds to an geometric albedo range of 0.05 to 0.25 for an absolute magnitude of 17.376.[4][5] The Minor Planet Center also considers 2019 AQ3 to be larger than 1 kilometer.[1] However, these are estimates with no published radar or infrared measurements providing a more precise value for the body's diameter. As of April 2024, 861 kilometer-sized near-Earth asteroids have been discovered.[13]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i "2019 AQ3". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 6 April 2024.
  2. ^
    Minor Planet Electronic Circular
    . 6 January 2019. Retrieved 8 January 2019.
  3. ^ a b c d e f "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: (2019 AQ3)" (2019-01-06 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 8 January 2019.
  4. ^ a b "2019AQ3 – Summary". ESA Space Situational Awareness – NEO Coordination Centre. Retrieved 6 April 2024.
  5. ^ a b "Asteroid Size Estimator". CNEOS NASA/JPL. Retrieved 8 January 2019.
  6. ^ a b "JPL Small-Body Database Search Engine: Q < 0.99 AU". Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 8 January 2019.
  7. doi:10.3847/2515-5172/ab346c
    .
  8. ^ "JPL Small-Body Database Search Engine: asteroids and NEOs and period < 200 (d)". Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 8 January 2019.
  9. ^ a b "JPL Small-Body Database Search Engine: orbital class (IEO)". Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 8 January 2019.
  10. ^ "JPL Small-Body Database Search Engine: asteroids and NEOs and i > 47 (deg)". Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 8 January 2019.
  11. ^ "Discovery Statistics – by Survey (km)". CNEOS NASA/JPL. Retrieved 6 April 2024.
  12. doi:10.1093/mnras/stz1437
    .
  13. ^ "Discovery Statistics – Cumulative totals". CNEOS NASA/JPL. Retrieved 6 April 2024.

External links

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