3rd Pursuit Group
3rd Pursuit Group | |
---|---|
United States Army Air Service | |
Type | Group |
Role | Command and Control |
Part of | American Expeditionary Forces (AEF) |
Engagements | World War I
|
Insignia | |
28th Aero Squadron Emblem | |
93rd Aero Squadron Emblem | |
103rd Aero Squadron Emblem | |
213th Aero Squadron Emblem |
The 3rd Pursuit Group was a
History
The group was formed on 30 July 1918 (create 26 July) when the command staff for the group was organized at
- 28th AS: Indian Head, 1 blue feather. Aircraft tail stripes were large red, small green stripes, alternating.
- 93rd AS: Indian Head, 2 red outline feathers. Aircraft tail strips were small red, large green stripes, alternating.
- 103rd AS: Indian Head, 5 black/yellow feathers. Aircraft tail stripes were large red and green stripes, alternating.
- 213th AS: Indian Head 2 red feathers. Aircraft tail stripes were small green, large red stripes, alternating.
The 103rd AS was already famous, using the USAS version of Spa.124 as the Lafayette Escadrille.[1]
Saint-Mihiel
During the Battle of Saint-Mihiel, in co-operation with the 2nd Pursuit Group, patrols operating at medium and high altitudes were maintained. During the opening days of the battle, the group operated just within enemy lines, and later as the day of the attack drew near, well back within Allied lines. The purpose of these patrols was to prevent German observation planes from making reconnaissance flights over Allied territory and conceal the strength of ground forces as well as Allied air power. At the same time, in anticipation of using large formations during the attack, frequent practice patrols were made, consisting of all available planes in two squadrons flying in one formation. These were made well behind the lines, unobserved by the Germans.[1]
Offensive operations began on 12 September with all available planes of the group flying over the lines at a very low altitude, machine-gunning and attacking enemy troop concentrations, never exceeding 300 meters (980 ft) in altitude. The group's aircraft attacked railroad yards, road convoys, and troops both on roads and in towns, playing havoc with the enemy. The next day, the squadrons pressed home similar attacks as well as flying advanced reconnaissance patrols near the Mad River and in the region between
After the Saint-Mihiel attacks, the group settled down to a routine schedule of defensive patrols over the line, carrying out bombing raids when weather permitted. By 18 September, preparations were well under way for the planned
Meuse-Argonne Offensive
On 26 September, the
By the afternoon of 6 October, two squadrons carried out a bombing and strafing attack on
Throughout the entire campaign the group carried out bombing raids and strafing of infantry to harass and disrupt the enemy's retreat, and these continued until the end of hostilities. On 6 November the group moved to Foucaucourt Aerodrome, France to be closer to the advancing line. The last patrol over enemy lines was made in the late afternoon of 10 November. Although hampered by a heavy ground mist, low clouds and intermittent rain, 930 kg of bombs were dropped on various enemy targets on the very last day of the war.[1]
Lineage
- Organized in France as: 3rd Pursuit Group on 30 July 1918
- Demobilized in France on December 1918[1]
Assignments
- 1st Pursuit Wing, 26 July 1918 – 17 December 1918[1]
Components
- 28th Aero Squadron, 22 August – 6 November 1918
- 49th Aero Squadron, 28 July – 2 August 1918
- 93rd Aero Squadron, 26 July – 15 December 1918
- 103rd Aero Squadron, 7 August – 31 December 1918
- 213th Aero Squadron, 26 July – 31 December 1918[1]
Stations
- Vaucouleurs Aerodrome, France, 30 July – 20 September 1918
- Lisle-en-Barrois Aerodrome, France, 20 September – 6 November 1918
- Foucaucourt Aerodrome, France, 11 November 1918 – December 1918
See also
References
This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency