4 ft 6 in gauge railway

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Track gauge
By transport mode
  • Miniature
  • Scale model
By size (list)
Graphic list of track gauges
Minimum
  Minimum
  Fifteen inch 381 mm (15 in)
Narrow
 
  • 600 mm
  • 610 mm
  • 686 mm
  • (1 ft 11+5⁄8 in)
  • (2 ft)
  • (2 ft 3 in)
 
  • 750 mm
  • 760 mm
  • 762 mm
  • (2 ft 5+1⁄2 in)
  • (2 ft 5+15⁄16 in)
  • (2 ft 6 in)
 
  • 891 mm
  • 900 mm
  • 914 mm
  • 950 mm
  • (2 ft 11+3⁄32 in)
  • (2 ft 11+7⁄16 in)
  • (3 ft)
  • (3 ft1+13⁄32 in)
  Metre 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in)
  Three foot six inch 1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in)
  Four foot 1,219 mm (4 ft)
  Four foot six inch 1,372 mm (4 ft 6 in)
  1432 mm 1,432 mm (4 ft 8+3⁄8 in)
  Standard 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)
Broad
 
  • 1,445 mm
  • 1,450 mm
  • (4 ft 8+7⁄8 in)
  • (4 ft 9+3⁄32 in)
  Leipzig gauge 1,458 mm (4 ft 9+13⁄32 in)
  Toronto gauge 1,495 mm (4 ft 10+7⁄8 in)
 
  • 1,520 mm
  • 1,524 mm
  • (4 ft 11+27⁄32 in)
  • (5 ft)
 
  • 1,581 mm
  • 1,588 mm
  • 1,600 mm
  • (5 ft 2+1⁄4 in)
  • (5 ft 2+1⁄2 in)
  • (5 ft 3 in)
  Baltimore gauge 1,638 mm (5 ft 4+1⁄2 in)
 
  • 1,668 mm
  • 1,676 mm
  • (5 ft 5+21⁄32 in)
  • (5 ft 6 in)
  Six foot 1,829 mm (6 ft)
 
Brunel
 2,140 mm (7 ft 1⁄4 in)
  Breitspurbahn 3,000 mm (9 ft 101⁄8 in)
Change of gauge
By location
World map, rail gauge by region

The 4 ft 6 in (1,372 mm) track gauge, also called the Scotch gauge, was adopted by early 19th century railways mainly in the

Regulating the Gauge of Railways Act 1846. From 1903, tram lines of Tokyo
adopted this gauge.

Scottish railways built to Scotch gauge

A section of original 1831 Scotch gauge track relaid at Eglinton Country Park in North Ayrshire.
A 15-foot (4.57 m) length of flat-bottomed Vignoles rail from the Scotch gauge Ardrossan and Johnstone Railway

A small number of early to mid-19th century passenger railways were built to 4 ft 6 in (1,372 mm) Scotch gauge including:

Name Length
Ardrossan and Johnstone Railway.[1]
 10 miles (16 km).[2] Authorised on 20 July 1806 and opened on 6 November 1810.[3]
Monkland and Kirkintilloch Railway.[4] 10 miles (16 km).[2] Authorised on 17 May 1824 and opened on 1 October 1826.[3] The engineer was Thomas Grainger.[4]
Ballochney Railway.[1] 6.5 miles (10.5 km).[2] Incorporated on 19 May 1826 and opened on 8 August 1828.[3]
Edinburgh and Dalkeith Railway.[1] Authorised on 26 May 1826 and opened in part on 4 July 1831.[3]
Garnkirk and Glasgow Railway.[1] 8.25 miles (13.3 km).[2] Incorporated on 26 May 1826 and ceremonially opened on 27 September 1831 for both passengers and goods.[3] The engineers were Thomas Grainger and John Miller from Edinburgh.[1][4]
Wishaw and Coltness Railway.[4] 11 miles (17.7 km).[2] Incorporated on 21 June 1829 and partially opened on 21 March 1834.[3] The engineers were Thomas Grainger and John Miller from Edinburgh.[4]
Slamannan Railway.[1] 12.5 miles (20.1 km).[1][2] Incorporated on 3 July 1835 and opened on 31 August 1840.[3]
Paisley and Renfrew Railway.[1] 3 miles (4.8 km).[2] Authorised on 21 July 1835 and opened on 3 April 1837 for both passengers and goods.[3] The engineer was Thomas Grainger.[4] Converted to Standard Gauge 1866.

Robert Stephenson and Company built a Scotch gauge locomotive, the St. Rollox, for the Garnkirk and Glasgow Railway; which was later sold to the Paisley and Renfrew Railway.[1][3]

All the lines were later

standard gauge.[1][3]

Other early 19th century Scottish gauges

4 ft 6½ in gauge

In addition to the above lines, there were three railways, authorised between 1822 and 1835, that were built in the Dundee area, to a gauge of 4 ft 6+1⁄2 in (1,384 mm). They were:

5 ft 6 in gauge

Grainger and Miller built another two railway lines in the same area to a gauge of

Brunel gauge as being too wide.[1]
They were:

End of Scotch gauge

The

standard gauge from the start.[1]

The

Lee Moor Tramway operated a Scotch Gauge line from 1899 to the early 1960s,[5] with the two 0-4-0ST locomotives built by Peckett and Sons to there M4 Design. LEE MOOR No.1 (works number 783) is preserved at the Wheal Martyn Museum near St. Austell and LEE MOOR No.2 (works number 784) is preserved at the South Devon Railway, neither are operational. Both locomotives were originally preserved by the Lee Moor Tramway Preservation Group.[5]

The

Scotch gauge railway.[7][8]

Use in Japan

Keiō Line 1,372 mm (4 ft 6 in) gauge tracks
Map of railway lines with 1,372 mm gauge in Tokyo area

After the end of the Scotch gauge in Britain, the gauge was revived in Japan. Its origins date back to the Tokyo Horsecar Railway, one of former horsecar operators in Tokyo, adopted 4 ft 6 in (1,372 mm) gauge in 1887.[9] Since 1903, most of the tram network in Tokyo was built with 4 ft 6 in (1,372 mm) rail gauge, called "coach gauge" (馬車軌間, Basha Kikan). The use of this gauge extended to other suburban lines that through-operated onto the city tram network. Although Tokyo has abolished its major tram network (except the Arakawa Line), as of 2009 the following lines still used this gauge:

See also

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to 4 ft 6 in gauge railways.
  1. ^
    ISBN 0-7153-4786-1
    .
  2. ^
    ISBN 0-906637-14-7
    .
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Awdry, Christopher (1990). Encyclopaedia of British Railway Companies. London: Guild Publishing.
  4. ^
    ISBN 0-85976-088-X
    .
  5. ^
    ISBN 0-901096-23-7
    .
  6. ^ "Regulating the Gauge of Railways Act 1846" (PDF). Railways Archive. Retrieved 28 September 2016.
  7. ^ "St Michaels Mount, Cornish Cliff Railway". Hows Website. Archived from the original on 5 November 2016. Retrieved 28 September 2016.
  8. ^ "St Michael's Mount Cliff Railway". South Western Historical Society. Retrieved 28 September 2016.
  9. ISBN 978-4-42596-151-1
    .
  10. ^
    ISBN 978-4-88548-112-3.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link
    )
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=4_ft_6_in_gauge_railway&oldid=1203031498"