A. K. Gopalan
Ramachandran Kadannappalli | |
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| Personal details | |
| Born | Ayillyath Kuttiari Gopalan Nambiar 1 October 1904 Trivandrum, Kerala , India |
| Political party | |
| Spouse | |
| Parents |
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| Known for | Co-founder of Communist Party of India (Marxist) |
Early life and education
Ayillyath Kuttiari Gopalan was born on 1 October 1904 in
Government Brennen College, Thalassery.[2] By the time he became a teacher, India's independence movement was becoming energised by Mahatma Gandhi. Gopalan took part in the Khilafat Movement
which prompted a marked change in his outlook, transforming him into a dedicated full-time social and political worker. He was also involved in Malabar revolution.
Indian National Congress
In 1927 he joined the
Harijans. He was arrested for participating in the salt satyagraha
in 1930.
Kandoth assault
_Leaders._Noormahal._27_Oct_1966.jpg)
While in prison he got acquainted with communism and became a member of the
Guruvayoor Satyagraha.[3] The group consisting of Kelappan and Gopalan marched along this route with the Harijans. As the procession approached the road, a crowd of about 200 people, including young men and women, A.K. Gopalan, Keraliyan and the Harijans were very badly beaten up by the Thiyya leaders. Gopal and others were later admitted to the hospital. The attack lasted for half an hour. This was the first crackdown on Gopalan's political career.[3][4] Women came carrying heavy wooden sticks and beat them. All the people present in Ghosha were beaten by these chiefs. But A.K.G Standing where Gopalan and Keralian were, he faced the barrage. Others fled. A.k.G told the accompanying women to run to safety. KG demanded. The attack lasted for half an hour. The "Kandoth short stick" was infamous in the press of the day.[3] Many people were injured. A.K. Gopalan and Keralian fell unconscious. They were taken by car to the hospital, where they lay unconscious for several hours. Even the Keralite's death statement was taken. Took home in the morning This attack K. This was Gopalan's first physical attack in his political career. But the "Kandoth assault" was an event that found a prominent place in news coverage.[3]
Further arrest
B.T. Ranadive
The outbreak of the
Second World War in 1939 prompted an upsurge in activism against British domination, and Gopalan was again arrested. But in 1942 he escaped from prison and remained at large till the end of the war in 1945. He was arrested again shortly after the end of the war and was still behind bars when India became independent on 15 August 1947. He was released a few weeks later. Thereafter he was a member of Lok Sabha
for 5 consecutive terms till his death on 22 March 1977 and became one of the leaders of opposition parties in the parliament of India.
During the
E.M.S.
took an impartial view and requested both nations to discuss and settle the matter peacefully. The official leadership of the party at that time denounced this and supported the India Government. Many leaders of the left group were arrested with the support of the leadership of the party. When the party leadership blocked the publication of an article written by then General Secretary EMS condemning government for attacking the left leaders in the party using the cover of the war, he himself quit the post and supported the left group. AKG was part of the left group and faced disciplinary action by the party leadership dominated by the right. During this time a newspaper published a letter allegedly written by rightist leaders S.A Dange to the British during the freedom struggle. In this letter he promised to keep away from the freedom struggle if granted bail. This was used by the left group to beat the right. When the demand of the left to set up a party-level inquiry about the alleged letter of S.A Dange was rejected in the National Council of CPI, the left group walked away and formed a new Party.
AKG joined the new break away faction, which later came to be known as Communist Party of India (Marxist). He also wrote extensively. His autobiography Ente Jeevitha Kadha has been translated into many languages. His other works include For Land, Around the World, Work in Parliament, and Collected Speeches, all in Malayalam.
A. K. Gopalan v. State of Madras
In 1950, A. K. Gopalan was served with a detention order under Preventive Detention Act 1950. He appealed to
Indian Constitution claiming his fundamental right of freedom of speech and expression and to travel freely in India have been violated.[5] The six-judge bench of Supreme Court with a majority of four upheld his detention.[6] But the bench struck down Section 14 of this act, which provided that the grounds for detention should not be given to detenus.[5][7]
Political career
| Election | Constituency | Result | Majority |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1952 | Cannanore | Won | 87,029 |
| 1957 | Kasargod
|
Won | 5,145 |
| 1962 | Won | 83,363 | |
| 1967 | Won | 118,510 | |
| 1971 | Palghat | Won | 52,266 |
Marriage
AKG was earlier married and later left his wife.Kasargod constituency.
Indian Coffee House
AKG played an important role in the formation of Indian Coffee House, a worker cooperative initiative by organising the thrown out employees of Coffee Houses of Coffee Board to establish ICHs in late 1950s.
In popular culture
Shaji N. Karun, a prominent film director of Kerala, made a biopic on AKG titled AKG – Athijeevanathinte Kanalvazhikal. The film used a part-documentary, part-fiction format. It was released in theatres across Kerala in August 2008.[11] Baiju played Gopalan in the 2014 feature film Vasanthathinte Kanal Vazhikalil.[12]
Autobiography – My Life Story
His autobiography is Ente Jeevitha Katha (written in Malayalam) Ente Jeevitha Katha-.
See also
References
- ^ Sudhakaran, P. "The wonder that was Basel Mission School". The Times of India.
- ^ "Members Bioprofile". loksabhaph.nic.in.
- ^ a b c d A.M Abraham Ayirukuzhiel (1987). Swami Anand Thirth: Untouchability, Gandhian Solution on Trial. CISRS Banglore. p. 32.
- ^ #cpk71|പി.കൃഷ്ണപിള്ളയുടെ ജീവചരിത്രം -ഡോക്ടർ.ചന്തവിള മുരളിmorning.. 69
- ^ ISBN 0195648889.
- ^ "A.K. Gopalan's Petition Dismissed". The Indian Express. No. Madras. Indian Express Limited (IEL). 20 May 1950. p. 1. Retrieved 15 May 2021.
- ^ "A.K. Gopalan vs The State Of Madras". indiankanoon.org. 19 May 1950.
- ^ "Love in time of struggles". The Hindu. 20 December 2001. Retrieved 24 May 2021.
- ^ "VT Balram attacks communist icon AKG for 'falling in love with 12-yr-old', stirs row". Gopika Ajayan. The NewsMinute. 6 January 2018. Retrieved 24 May 2021.
- ^ "Thanks to a Congress MLA, a communist icon's book goes into reprint". Cithara Paul. The Week. 20 January 2018. Retrieved 24 May 2021.
- ^ "Film on AKG set for release tomorrow". The Hindu. Chennai, India. 8 August 2007. Archived from the original on 25 January 2013.
- ^ Nagarajan, Saraswathy (13 November 2014). "Ode to a brave patriot". The Hindu.
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to A. K. Gopalan.
- Manini Chatterjee, People's Democracy. "A K Gopalan: From Satygrahi To Revolutionary". Archived from the original on 12 September 2007. Retrieved 31 October 2007.
- B.T. Ranadive, People's Democracy. "IN MEMORY OF A K GOPALAN". Archived from the originalon 27 September 2007. Retrieved 31 October 2007.
- Ganashakti Newsmagazine. "Remembrance: A. K. Gopalan". Archived from the original on 27 September 2007.
- K.P. Pushparaj, The Hindu (2 May 2004). "Fresh faces make prediction impossible". The Hindu. Chennai, India. Archived from the original on 25 January 2013.
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