Acoplanarity

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gluons
from the scattered final state particles.

In

gluons can lead to acoplanar scattering events.[1]

Measures of acoplanarity

For a two-jet final state, a useful measure of acoplanarity is

where are the

beam line.[2]
An alternative measure of acoplanarity which is
infrared safe
and which works for broad jets of many particles is given by

where are the momenta of the final state particles and are the components of these momenta perpendicular to a plane chosen such that A is minimized.[1] In the case of two coplanar final state particles, the plane which minimizes A would contain the paths of both particles and the beamline, and A would equal 0.

See also

References

  1. ^ a b De Rújula, A.; Ellis, J.; Floratos, E. G.; Gaillard, M. K. (1978). "QCD predictions for hadronic final states in e +e - annihilation" (PDF). .
  2. ^ Bordes, G.; Nicolaidis, A. (1980). "Acoplanarity distributions at large transverse momenta". .