Adolfo Kaminsky
Adolfo Kaminsky | |
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Born | Forger of documents | 1 October 1925
Adolfo Kaminsky (or Adolphe; 1 October 1925 – 9 January 2023) was an Argentine-born member of the
Early life
Kaminsky was born in Argentina to a Jewish Russian family, the son of Anna (Kinoël) and Salomon Kaminsky.[3][4] In 1932, when Kaminsky was seven years old, he moved with his family to Paris,[2] where his father worked as a tailor. From Paris, the family moved in 1938 to Vire, Calvados, where his uncle was established.[5] Adolfo worked in a dye shop[2] and became fascinated by the chemistry of colourants. At that time, he bought a treatise by Marcellin Berthelot at a flea market.[5] He later created his own laboratory (lab) in his uncle's house and worked in a butter factory as an assistant to a chemist who taught him the basics.[5]
World War II
In 1940, after the
Adolfo then worked in an underground lab in Paris (17, rue des St Pères) where he spent the rest of
Kaminsky used to say: "Stay awake. As long as possible. Struggle against sleep. The calculation is easy. In one hour, I make 30 false papers. If I sleep one hour, 30 people will die."[9] Over the course of the war, Kaminsky created documents that saved the lives of 14,000 Jews.[10][2]
After the
Post-war
After the
Kaminsky resigned from the French military at the beginning of the
Starting in 1963, he assisted various leftist movements from Latin America (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Haiti, Mexico, Nicaragua, Perú, Uruguay, Venezuela); Africa (Angola, Guinea-Bissau, South Africa) and from Portugal (then under Salazar's dictatorship) and Francoist Spain.[1] He trained many people in forgery in order to support them in their respective struggles. He always worked for free in order to be able to refuse a job if he did not support the ideas—the only exception being during World War II, when the lab took up all his expenses in order to allow him to dedicate himself full-time to the job.
Kaminsky also supported the Greeks struggling against the
Kaminsky made his last false ID in 1971. He gave up his forgery career after he was asked to forge South African passports for anti-apartheid guerrillas in South Africa, but soon realized it was an entrapment operation to incriminate him. He never found out who tried to incriminate him, though speculation was that the secret police of the apartheid regime were behind it.
Kaminsky subsequently lived for ten years in Algiers, married a Tuareg woman, and had five children, including hip-hop singer Rocé.[12]
In 1982, he moved to France with a temporary residence permit.
Kaminsky died on 9 January 2023, at the age of 97.[13]
Awards
Adolfo Kaminsky was awarded the
In the media
Jacques Falck made a documentary film about his life, Forging Identity.[15] Adolfo's daughter Sarah, born in 1979, is an actress and writer who wrote a biography of her father, Adolfo Kaminsky, une vie de faussaire (Paris: Calmann-Lévy, 2009), which has been translated into Spanish and German,[16] and also into English in 2016 as Adolfo Kaminsky: A Forger's Life.[17]
A short film about Kaminsky entitled The Forger accompanied an online New York Times article in October 2016.[18] The Travel Channel's show Mysteries at the Museum featured a segment on Kaminsky in its 12 October 2017 episode. On 29 October 2017, 60 Minutes told his story.
See also
- Identity document forgery
- Lucio Urtubia (Spanish anarchist, forger who attempted to disrupt the capitalist economy)
- Adolf Burger
References
- ^ a b "Adolfo Kaminsky, une vie de faussaire - Là-bas si j'y suis". la-bas.org. 16 March 2010. Retrieved 3 October 2016.
- ^ a b c d Hendler, Sefy. "Con Artist: The True Story of a Master Forger". Haaretz. Retrieved 3 October 2016.
- ^ Chouaki, Yasmine (17 December 2015). "En sol majeur". Radio France International. Retrieved 3 October 2016.
- ^ Berger, Joseph (9 January 2023). "Adolfo Kaminsky Dies at 97; His Forgeries Saved Thousands of Jews". The New York Times.
- ^ Ouest France, 28 October 2009
- ^ a b Druckerman, Pamela (2 October 2016). "If I Sleep for an Hour, 30 People Will Die". The New York Times. Retrieved 23 November 2018.
- ^ Ouest France, 28 October 2009
- ^ Reinhardt, Nora (25 August 2011). "The Hidden Life of the Humanitarian Forger". Der Spiegel. Retrieved 4 October 2016.
- ^ Adolfo Kaminsky, une vie de faussaire Archived 12 April 2010 at the Wayback Machine, Libération, 5 February 2010
- ^ Maloney, Jennifer (31 August 2016). "New Books Trace the Holocaust's Legacy". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 3 October 2016.(subscription required)
- ^ Reinhardt, Nora (22 August 2011). Widerstand: Humanistisches Handwerk. Der Spiegel. spiegel.de. (PDF version; Vol.34, pp 125-127).
- ^ "Adolfo Kaminsky, French Resistance fighter and photographer, has died". Le Monde.fr. 11 January 2023.
- ^ "Adolfo Kaminsky, la mort après une vie héroïque de faux et de photos". Libération. 9 January 2023. Retrieved 9 January 2023.
- ^ Gersony, Marina (December 2011). "Adolfo Kaminsky: Forger for the Good" (PDF). East (39): 155. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 October 2016. Retrieved 4 October 2016.
- ^ "Icarus Films: Forging Identity". icarusfilms.com. Retrieved 3 August 2023.
- ^ "Formats and Editions". www.worldcat.org. Retrieved 3 August 2023.
- ^ English translation.
- ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 3 August 2023.
External links
- (in French) Study on Kaminsky
- (in French) Interview
- [1] "Beyond borders: Adam Shatz on Adolfo Kaminsky." London Review of Books 45 No. 4 16 February 2023, pp. 19-12