Istakhri
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Abū Ishāk al-Fārisī al-Iṣṭakhrī | |
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| Born | Islamic geography |
Fars
Abu Ishaq Ibrahim ibn Muhammad al-Farisi al-Istakhri (آبو إسحاق إبراهيم بن محمد الفارسي الإصطخري) (also Estakhri,
Encyclopedia Iranica states: "Biographical data are very meager. From his nesbas (attributive names) he appears to have been a native of Eṣṭaḵr in Fārs, but it is not known whether he was Persian".[5]
Istakhri's account of windmills is the earliest known. Istakhri met the celebrated traveller-geographer Ibn Hawqal, while travelling, and Ibn Hawqal incorporated the work of Istakhri in his book Kitab al-Surat al-Ard.[4][5]
Works
Istakhri's two surviving works are:
- Masālik al-Mamālik (مسالك الممالك, Routes of the Realms), or Kitab al-masalik wa-l-mamalik (كتاب المسالك والممالك Book of Roads and Kingdoms), a contribution to the "Leiden University Libraries and is digitally available.[6] Another illuminated manuscript dated AH 706 (AD 1306-07) now resides in the Khalili Collection of Islamic Art. It contains many maps, though some mentioned in the text are missing.[7]
- Ṣuwar al-ʿAqālīm ( صور الاقاليم, Pictures of the Regions).
Published editions
An 8-volume edition of works by medieval Arab geographers, edited by the Dutch orientalist
Theodore Noldeke
produced a second edition.
In 1845, the German orientalist A. D. Mordtmann published a translation in Hamburg with the title Das Buch der Länder von Schech Ebu Ishak el Farsi el Isztachri, with a foreword by C. Ritter. (Schriften der Akademie von Ham Bd. 1, Abth. 2).
See also
- Ibn Hawqal
- Al-Maqdisi
- Ibn al-Faqih
- Qudama ibn Ja'far
- Ibn Khordadbeh
- Ibn Rustah
- Al-Ya'qubi
- Al-Masudi
- List of Iranian scientists
References
- ^ ISBN 0-19-504652-8.
- ^ Mojtahed-Zadeh, Pirous. "The Persian Gulf in the Geographical Views of the Ancient World" In Cartographie Historique du Golfe Persique. Edited by M. Taleghani, D. Silva Couto, & J.-L. Bacque-Grammont. Louvain, Belgium: Diffusion, 2006. 17.
- ISBN 978-9004097384.
- ^ a b Miquel, André (1954–2005). "Iṣṭakhrī, Abū Isḥāḳ Ibrāhīm". In Gibb, H. A. R.; Kramers, J. H.; Lévi-Provençal, E.; Schacht, J. (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam (2nd ed.). Leiden: Brill. IV:222b-223b.
- ^ a b Bolshakov, O. G. (1998). "Eṣṭaḵrī, Abū Esḥāq Ebrāhīm". In Yarshater, Ehsan (ed.). Encyclopædia Iranica. New York: Encyclopædia Iranica Foundation, Inc. VIII(6):646-647 (I have used the updated online version).
- Leiden University Libraries. Retrieved 2024-04-10.
- OCLC 455121277.
Sources
- Bolshakov, O. G. (1998). "EṢṬAḴRĪ, ABŪ ESḤĀQ EBRĀHĪM". Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. VIII, Fasc. 6. pp. 646–647.
- Bosworth, Clifford Edmund (1989). "al-Masālik wa'l-Mamālik". .
- de Goeje, M.J., ed. (1927). Bibliotheca Geographorum Arabicorum (1927), vol 1: Viae Regnorum descriptio ditionis Moslemicae auctore Abu Ishák al-Fárisí al-Istakhrí (in Arabic). Leden: E. J. Brill.
- Ouseley, William, ed. (1800). The oriental geography of Ebn Haukal, an Arabian traveller of the tenth century. London. - Note: in fact, it is a work by Istakhri
- Al-Istakhri, Abu Ishaq Ibrahim ibn Muhammad (1927), Noldeke, Theodore (eds.), "Viae Regnorum descriptio ditionis Moslemicae auctore Abū Ishāk al-Fārisi al-Istakhri", Bibliotheca Geographorum Arabicorum (in Arabic and Latin), 1 (2 ed.), Lugdunum Batavorum (Leiden): Brill publishers
- Ibn Haukal (1873), Brill publishers
- Goeje, M. J. de, ed. (1870), "Indices, glossarium et addenda et emendanda ad Part I-III", Bibliotheca Geographorum Arabicorum (in Arabic and Latin), 4, Lugdunum Batavorum (Leiden): Brill
- Das Buch der Länder von Schech Ebu Ishak el Farsi el Isztachri, translated by Mordtmann, Andreas David, Frankfurt/M.: Rauhen Hauses in Horn, 1995 [1845]
External links
Media related to Estakhri at Wikimedia Commons- World Map of al-Istakhri Archived 2011-05-14 at the Wayback Machine
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