Alauddin Riayat Shah II of Johor

Posthumous name
	Marhum Syahid di Acheh

Alauddin Riayat Shah II
Alauddin Riayat Shah II
Acheh
Spouse	Princess Kesuma Dewi
Issue	Muzaffar Shah II
Posthumous name
Posthumous name
	Marhum Syahid di Acheh
Father	Mahmud Shah (Malacca)
Mother	Tun Fatimah
Religion	Sunni Islam

Sultan Alauddin Riayat Shah II ibni Almarhum Sultan Mahmud Shah (died 1564) was the first sultan of Johor. He ruled Johor from 1528 to 1564. He founded the Johor Sultanate following the fall of Malacca to the Portuguese in 1511. He was the second son of Mahmud Shah of Malacca. Thus, Johor was a successor state of Malacca and Johor's sultans follow the numbering system of Malacca. Throughout his reign, he faced constant threats from the Portuguese as well as the emerging Aceh Sultanate.^{[citation needed]}

Founding of Johor and Portuguese threats

In 1529, Alauddin Riayat founded his first capital in Hujung Tanah, known as

Estêvão da Gama invaded Johor. Kota Kara was bombarded but the Malays

withstood the attack. After a few days, Portuguese troops landed and bombarded the fort but they also had to retreat. Their morale boosted by this initial success, the Malays left their fort and launched a counter-attack on the Portuguese. However, the Malays were scattered by the crossfire of the Portuguese which resulted in the capturing of the fort and its burning by the Portuguese.

Alauddin Riayat retreated upstream the

Malays

. Following this attack, a peace treaty was signed between Johor and the Portuguese.

In 1540, Alauddin Riayat Shah moved his capital to Johor Lama, which is closer to the estuary of Johor River.

Acehnese threats

Johor was also threatened by Aceh, on the northern tip of Sumatra. In 1539,

Alauddin al-Qahar, defeated Aru and expulsed the Johoreans from Aru. The sultan of Aceh, then, launched an attack on Johor Lama from Aru. The fort and town was leveled and Alauddin Riayat was captured and brought back to Aceh. He was later killed and was given the posthumous title, Marhum Syahid di Acheh. He was succeeded by his son, Muzaffar Shah II

.

Personal life

He married Princess Kesuma Dewi of Pahang, the daughter of Mansur Shah of Pahang.

References

External links

The River Forts of Johor

Regnal titles
Alauddin Riayat Shah II of Johor Malacca-Johor Dynasty Died: 1564
Preceded by Mahmud Shah	Sultan of Johor 1528–1564	Succeeded by Muzaffar Shah II