Karl Magnus Vitberg (26 January 1787 — 24 January 1855) was a Russian Neoclassical architect of Swedish stock.
Biography
Vitberg was born in
Boehmist theosophy. The lodge, which had been the first to reopen, in 1800,[1] was ordered closed in 1822.[2]
Vitberg won a design competition and in 1817 had the satisfaction of witnessing the groundbreaking ceremony for his
Tsar Alexander I. After his conversion, Vitberg changed his name from Karl Magnus to Aleksandr Lavrentyevich (Russian
: Александр Лаврентьевич Витберг), after the monarch.
Though construction of Vitberg's cathedral on the
Nicholas I abandoned the "Masonic" plan for a less "Roman Catholic" neo-Byzantine construction. The architect was accused of bribery and exiled to Vyatka, an isolated city halfway between Moscow and the Ural Mountains.[3] There his most successful work was accomplished, among which were his monumental gates for the Alexander Garden (1836) and the Alexander Nevsky Cathedral (1839–1848).[4] A fellow-exile there was Alexander Herzen, who made friends with Vitberg, portrayed him sympathetically in My Past and Thoughts, and was briefly influenced by Vitberg's strain of mystical thought.[5]Vitberg's design for Cathedral of Christ the Saviour
in Moscow.
Vitberg was eventually allowed to return to Moscow, but found little work, and died in poverty and official neglect. The Russian neoclassical revival in the late 19th century contributed to a reappraisal of his architectural legacy. An exhibition, Alexander Witberg (1787–1855). En Arkitekurhistorisk Installation was mounted in Stockholm from 1993 to 1994.
References
^Anatole Gregory Mazour. The First Russian Revolution, 1825, 1937, "The Liberal Idea", p. 49.
^Stefan Rossbach, Gnostic Wars: the Cold War in the Context of a History of Western Spirituality 1999:164.
^Neil Leach, The Hieroglyphics of Space: Reading and Experiencing the Modern Metropolis, (New York: Routledge), 2002, "The political metropolis" p. 72.
^Y. Skopin, "The architectural work of Vitberg in Vyatka", Architecture in the USSR. 4.
^Mark Pittaway, The Fluid Borders of Europe, 2003:230.
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