Ambrein

Ambrein

Names
IUPAC name (1R,2R,4aS,8aS)-1-{(3E)-6-[(1S)-2,2-dimethyl-6-methylidenecyclohexyl]-4-methylhex-3-en-1-yl}-2,5,5,8a-tetramethyldecahydronaphthalen-2-ol
Other names Ambrein
Identifiers
CAS Number	473-03-0 Y
3D model ( JSmol )	Interactive image Interactive image
ChEBI	CHEBI:78306 N
ChemSpider	10000763 Y
ECHA InfoCard	100.006.784
PubChem CID	11826112
UNII	1N9JB373FJ Y
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID00883390
InChI InChI=1S/C30H52O/c1-22(15-16-24-23(2)13-10-18-27(24,3)4)12-9-14-26-29(7)20-11-19-28(5,6)25(29)17-21-30(26,8)31/h12,24-26,31H,2,9-11,13-21H2,1,3-8H3/b22-12+/t24-,25?,26-,29+,30-/m1/s1 Y Key: BIADSXOKHZFLSN-CQDHYIGWSA-N Y InChI=1/C30H52O/c1-22(15-16-24-23(2)13-10-18-27(24,3)4)12-9-14-26-29(7)20-11-19-28(5,6)25(29)17-21-30(26,8)31/h12,24-26,31H,2,9-11,13-21H2,1,3-8H3/b22-12+/t24-,25?,26-,29+,30-/m1/s1 Key: BIADSXOKHZFLSN-CQDHYIGWBE
SMILES C/C(=C\CC[C@@H]1[C@]2(CCCC(C2CC[C@@]1(C)O)(C)C)C)/CC[C@@H]3C(=C)CCCC3(C)C O[C@@]1(CCC3[C@]([C@H]1CC\C=C(/C)CC[C@@H]2C(=C)\CCCC2(C)C)(C)CCCC3(C)C)C
Properties
Chemical formula	C30H52O
Molar mass	428.745 g·mol−1
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). N verify (what is YN ?) Infobox references

Ambrein is a

It has been shown to act as an analgesic^[2] and has been proven to increase sexual behavior in rats,^[3] providing some support for its traditional aphrodisiac use.

Apart from its supposed aphrodisiac effects, ambrein has been shown to decrease spontaneous contractions of smooth muscles in rats, guinea pigs, and rabbits. It reduces these contractions by serving as an antagonist and interfering with Ca²⁺ ions from outside the cell.^[4]

Discovery

In 1946, Ruzicka and Lardon "established that the fragrance of ambergris is based on the triterpene (named) ambrein".^[5][6][7]

Biosynthesis

Ambrein is synthesized from the common triterpenoid precursor squalene. The squalene-hopene cyclase (SHC) catalyzes the cyclization of squalene into the monocyclic 3-deoxyachilleol A. Tetraprenyl-beta-curcumene synthase (BmeTC) converts 3-deoxyachilleol A into the tricyclic ambrein.^[8]

References