António José Severim de Noronha, 1st Duke of Terceira
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Duke of Saldanha | |
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In office 9 February 1842 – 20 May 1846 | |
Monarchs | Maria II and Fernando II |
Preceded by | Duke of Palmela |
Succeeded by | Duke of Palmela |
In office 20 April 1836 – 10 September 1836 | |
Monarch | Maria II |
Preceded by | José Jorge Loureiro |
Succeeded by | Count of Lumiares |
16th Captain General of the Azores | |
In office 5 April 1829 – 4 June 1832 | |
Monarch | Maria II |
Preceded by | Henrique de Sousa Prego |
Succeeded by | Angra Regencry |
11th Governor of Grão-Pará | |
In office 19 May 1817 – 20 July 1820 | |
Monarch | João VI |
Preceded by | Count of Arcos |
Succeeded by | Romualdo Antônio de Seixas |
Personal details | |
Born | 18 March 1792 Lisbon, Kingdom of Portugal |
Died | 26 April 1860 (aged 68) Lisbon, Kingdom of Portugal |
Spouse(s) | Maria José do Livramento e Melo Maria Ana Luísa Filomena de Mendonça |
Signature | |
Early life
António José de Sousa Manuel de Meneses Severim de Noronha was born in Lisbon, on 18 March 1792, first son of António de Sousa Manuel de Meneses Severim de Noronha, 6th Count of Vila Flor, and Maria José de Mendonça, 6th daughter of the Count of Vale de Reis. Born into a noble family, he was automatically hereditary heir to historic possessions and properties of one of the oldest and wealthiest families in Portugal.
He was just two years old, when in 1795, his father died, leaving him the title of Count of Vila Flor servant to the Queen, thus inheriting an immense fortune, that included real estate and a personal income. Among others, he inherited the commendations to Santa Maria de Pereira, São Pedro de Calvelo, São Tiago de Cassourado, São Vicente de Figueira and de São Geris de Arganil, as well as various
Destined to a life at Court, he was instructed in the typical teachings bestowed on children of the Portuguese high nobility for the period, that included military arts and political life. In this context, in 1797, with less than four years of age, he received a commendation in the Military Order of Christ. Later, at the age of 12, he would profess religious orders (as a friar in the Order) at the Convent of Nossa Senhora da Luz.
Meanwhile, on 10 February 1802, the nine-year-old António José, had joined the 4th Regimental Cavalry as a cadet, to which he would be promoted to ensign by 24 June 1807. It was in this commission that Noronha was assigned, when on 20 November 1807, French troops invaded, under the command of Jean-Andoche Junot to begin the Peninsular War. Not prepared to submit to the French, he resigned his commission in the army, accepted by D. Pedro de Almeida Portugal, 3rd Marquis of Alorna, then commander of Portuguese forces.
Peninsular War
With expulsion of French forces, the Count of Vila Flor returned to the army, in the same position he held until his departure. On 6 December 1809, he was promoted to lieutenant, later to captain of the 5th company of the 4th Regimental Cavalry. During this period, that corresponded the later invasions of the Peninsular War, he actively participated the campaign.
On 5 August 1811 he married his cousin, Maria José do Livramento e Melo, daughter of the Marquess of Sabugosa, strengthening his alliance with the principal families of the high nobility. From this marriage, he had a son, who would become the 7th Count of Vila Flor (but who died at 15 months).
He began to serve as adjutant under General António José de Miranda Henriques, 1st Viscount of Sousel, and after 26 March 1813, Marshal
Liberal Wars
He held the island of
He was the leader of the army of
In July 1833, having been transported with half his army to the
Later life
After the liberal triumph, in 1834, he was four times
See also
- Devorismo
- Revolt of the Marshals