Anti-American sentiment in Spain

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A 1896 political cartoon criticising the intentions of American imperialism concerning Cuba

Anti-American sentiment is perceived to be deeply entrenched within elements of Spanish society,[by whom?] with several surveys conducted concerning the topic tending to back up that assertion. Spain ranks among the highest countries in terms of the level of anti-Americanism in Europe.[1] According to a German Marshall Fund study, feelings towards the United States in Spain were among the least favourable in Europe, second only to Turkey.[2] The sentiment has been historically far from being only left-wing in nature, but the United States is viewed very negatively by right-wing factions in Spain.[3]

The

Catholicism.[8]

The 1898 war was perceived in the US as a "splendid little war" but as a national disaster to many in Spain.

revanchist stances in public opinion.[10]

According to Alessandro Seregni, 20th-century anti-American sentiment was built upon two different political cultures ("groups" or "families") in Spain: one right-wing and another left-wing.[11]

During the

Second World War, unabashed right-wing anti-Americanism, led by the Church, the Armed Forces, and the Falange had Falange members become sponsors of a worldview underpinned by hispanidad, which clashed with the Monroe Doctrine.[12] After the end of the war, right-wing anti-Americanism became more defensive. Criticism and condemnation of American imperialism was widespread in Spain in the 1960s and the 1970s.[13] US involvement in foreign nations in the 1970s (often endorsing anti-democratic regimes) further tarnished the country's reputation to left-wing sensibilities.[14]

For many authors, the higher prevalence of anti-Americanism in Spain to that nearby nations is because of the memory of the 1898 war and the left-wing resentment of the US partnership with Franco.

invasion of Iraq (including the killing of José Couso) are also cited as events that fuel anti-Americanism.[15] Spain was even the European country with the highest levels of opposition in public opinion to the Iraq War.[16]

References

Citations
  1. ^ Fernández de Miguel 2006, p. 258.
  2. ^ Chislett 2005.
  3. ^ Fernández de Miguel 2006, p. 257.
  4. ^ Fernández de Miguel 2012, p. 22.
  5. ^ Rodríguez Jiménez & Fernández de Miguel 2011, p. 10.
  6. ^ Rodríguez Jiménez & Fernández de Miguel 2011, p. 19.
  7. ^ Fernández de Miguel 2012, pp. 6–7.
  8. ^ Rodríguez Jiménez & Fernández de Miguel 2011, p. 7–8.
  9. ^ Rodríguez Jiménez 2010, p. 78.
  10. ^ Niño 2005, p. 72–73.
  11. ^ Neila 2018, p. 767.
  12. ^ Fernández de Miguel 2006, pp. 260–261.
  13. ^ a b Montero Jiménez 2014, p. 207.
  14. ^ Fernández de Miguel 2012, p. 425.
  15. ^ González Esteban 2011, p. 208.
  16. ^ Benito, Carlos (11 July 2016). "¿Somos los españoles anti americanos?". Ideal.
Bibliography
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