Athletics at the Far Eastern Championship Games

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Athletics was one of the sports at the biennial Far Eastern Championship Games. Athletics competitions were held at every one of the ten editions of the games, which existed between 1913 and 1934. This represented the first time that a regular major international athletics competition occurred between Asian nations. It was later succeeded by athletics at the Asian Games, which began in 1951.[1]

At the start of the 20th century, the Philippines was initially the most developed nation in

Insular Government, which ruled the country as a territory. As the head of the Philippine Amateur Athletic Federation and physical director of the national YMCA branch, Elwood Brown had set about developing American sports in the Philippines. He was central to the creation of the Far Eastern Athletic Association and track and field was a main aspect of the Far Eastern Championship Games from the inaugural edition.[2][3]

Correspondingly, in the first half of the competition's history, the Philippines was the most dominant nation in the athletics programme, going unbeaten in the first five editions.

foot messenger system.[6] Chinese track and field athletes, led by their local YMCA athletic group,[2] also developed over the period that the competition was held, but as the 20th century progressed they quickly fell behind the standard set by Japan and the Philippines; China began to emerge as a regional power in athletics in the 1970s.[7][8]

Editions

Games Year Host city Host country Events Championship winner
1 1913 (details) Manila Philippines 17 Philippines
2 1915 (details) Shanghai China 17 Philippines
3 1917 (details) Tokyo Japan 18 Philippines
4 1919 (details) Manila Philippines 18 Philippines
5 1921 (details) Shanghai China 18 Philippines
6 1923 (details) Osaka Japan 19 Japan
7 1925 (details) Manila Philippines 19 Philippines
8 1927 (details) Shanghai China 19 Japan
9 1930 (details) Tokyo Japan 19 Japan
10 1934 (details) Manila Philippines 19 Japan

Events

Over the 21-year history of the competition, only men's athletics events were included. For the first six editions of the competition (1913 to 1923), athletics track events were contested over imperial distances. These were changed to metric distances from 1925 onwards, in line with international and Olympic standards. The number of events contested stayed relatively stable and (excluding distance variations in running events) the only additions were the

Olympics, with notable differences being the absence of marathon, steeplechase, racewalking, and hammer throw
events.

Event chronology
Event 1913 1915 1917 1919 1921 1923 1925 1927 1930 1934 Games
100 yards/100 metres
 y y y y y y m m m m 10
220 yards/200 metres straight[nb1]
 y y y y y y m m m m 10
440 yards/400 metres
 y y y y y y m m m m 10
880 yards/800 metres
 y y y y y y m m m m 10
Mile run/1500 metres y y y y y y m m m m 10
Long-distance road race 5 mi 8 mi – 5 mi – – – – – – 3
Long-distance track race – – 10 mi – 5 mi 5 mi – – – – 3
10,000 metres – – – – – – m m m m 4
120 yards/110 metres hurdles
 y y y y y y m m m m 10
220 yards/200 metres hurdles
straight		 y y y y y y m m m – 9
400 metres hurdles – – – – – – – – – m 1
4×100 metres relay
 – – – – – – – – – m 1
4×220 yards/
4×200 metres relay
 y y y y y y m m m – 9
4×440 yards/
4×400 metres relay
 y y y y y y m m m m 10
Pole vault X X X X X X X X X X 10
High jump X X X X X X X X X X 10
Long jump X X X X X X X X X X 10
Triple jump – – – – – X X X X X 5
Shot put[nb2] X X X X X X X X X X 10
Discus throw X X X X X X X X X X 10
Javelin throw – – X X X X X X X X 8
Pentathlon[nb3] X X X X X X X X X X 10
Decathlon[nb3] X X X X X X X X X X 10

Multiple champions

Mikio Oda of Japan won six titles in horizontal jumps and became the first Asian Olympic champion in 1928.

Given that the games were held during a period when athletics was a developing sport in the three participating nations, several athletes were dominant in their events at the competition. The event also saw the development of some of the region's athletes into international standard competitors. Foremost of these was Japanese athlete

men's 100 metres world record in 1935 – the first and so far only Asian athlete to achieve that feat in the event.[12] Kosaku Sumiyoshi won the Far Eastern javelin title three times and was an Olympic finalist in 1932.[13]

880-yard run) and went on to greater success outside of the field of sport by serving as Minister for Foreign Affairs for Japan in the 1950s and a United Nations delegate in the 1960s.[15][16]

Athletes with three or more individual titles
Athlete Titles Nation Event(s) Period
Fortunato Catalon 9 Philippines 100 yd (4), 100 m (1), 200 yd (4) 1917–1925
Mikio Oda 7 Japan Long jump (2), triple jump (4), decathlon 1923–1930
Regino Ylanan 4 Philippines Shot put (2), discus throw, pentathlon 1913–1915
Genaro Saavedra 4 Philippines 100 yards, high jump, pole vault, decathlon 1915
Alejo Alvarez 3 Philippines Shot put (2), discus throw 1917–1919
Katsuo Okazaki 3 Japan 880 yd (1), mile run (2) 1921–1923
Antonio Alo 3 Philippines Pole vault 1919–1925
Juan Taduran 3 Philippines Decathlon 1921–1925
Generoso Rabaya 3 Philippines 110 m hurdles (2), shot put 1925–1927
Kosaku Sumiyoshi 3 Japan Javelin throw (2), pentathlon 1927–1930
Simeon Toribio 3 Philippines High jump 1927–1934
Takayoshi Yoshioka 3 Japan 100 m (1), 200 m (2) 1930–1934

Olympic medallists

The competition was the first venue for international athletics between specifically Asian nations. As a result, the games was the place where Asia's top international athletes of the period first found success. Nine of these athletes went on to claim Asia's first

Olympic athletics
medals.

Two Filipinos, Simeon Toribio and Miguel White, were Far Eastern champions that later won Olympic bronze medals, Toribio in the high jump and White in the 400 metres hurdles. As of 2015, these remain the only athletes from that nation to have reached the Olympic podium in athletics competition.[17]

A total of seven Far Eastern Championship Games athletes went on to win athletics medals for

Sueo Oe, the man who succeeded him as Far Eastern gold medallist, was also on the Olympic podium in 1936.[20]

Medals (1913-1934)

RankNationGoldSilverBronzeTotal
1 Philippines (PHI)897279240
2 Japan (JPN)778160218
3 China (CHN)18333586
Totals (3 entries)184186174544

See also

  • List of international athletics championships and games

References

  1. ISBN 0-7864-1026-4
    .
  2. ^ a b c England, Frederick O. (1926). History of the Far Eastern Athletic Association. Official Bulletin of the International Olympic Committee (pg. 18-19). Retrieved on 2015-01-10.
  3. ^ Stefan Hübner, “Muscular Christianity and the ‘Western Civilizing Mission’: Elwood S. Brown, the YMCA and the Idea of the Far Eastern Championship Games,”. Diplomatic History (advance access version); doi: 10.1093/dh/dht126.
  4. ^ England, Frederick O. (1926). History of the Far Eastern Athletic Association. Official Bulletin of the International Olympic Committee (pg. 19-20). Retrieved on 2015-01-10.
  5. ^ Longest Running Road Races. Association of Road Racing Statisticians. Retrieved on 2015-01-10.
  6. ^ Ekiden. Ekiden du Capmartin. Retrieved on 2015-01-10.
  7. ^ Asian Championships. GBR Athletics. Retrieved on 2015-01-10.
  8. ^ Asian Games. GBR Athletics. Retrieved on 2015-01-10.
  9. ^ a b c Far Eastern Championship Games. GBR Athletics. Retrieved on 2015-01-10.
  10. IAAF
    . Retrieved on 2010-04-26.
  11. ^ Philippines Athletics. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2015-01-01.
  12. ^ "12th IAAF World Championships In Athletics: IAAF Statistics Handbook. Berlin 2009" (PDF). Monte Carlo: IAAF Media & Public Relations Department. 2009. pp. Pages 546, 547. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 29, 2011. Retrieved July 29, 2009.
  13. ^ Kosaku Sumiyoshi. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2015-01-10.
  14. ^ History of the NCAA Archived 2011-07-15 at the Wayback Machine. NCAA Philippines. Retrieved on 2015-01-10.
  15. ^ Katsuo Okazaki. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2015-01-10.
  16. ^ Washington Post, October 12, 1965, pC4
  17. ^ Philippines Athletics Olympics. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2015-01-10.
  18. ^ a b Japan Athletics Men's Triple Jump Results. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2015-01-10.
  19. ^ Japan Athletics Men's Long Jump Results. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2015-01-10.
  20. ^ Japan Athletics Men's Pole Vault Results. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2015-01-10.
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