Basidiocarp

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In

Structure

All basidiocarps serve as the structure on which the hymenium is produced.

Types

• 
  Basidiocarps of Amanita muscaria, an agaric.
• 
  Basidiocarps of Ramaria rugosa, a coral fungus
• 
  Basidiocarps of Craterellus tubaeformis, a cantharelloid fungus.

Basidiocarps are classified into various types of growth forms based on the degree of differentiation into a stipe, pileus, and hymenophore, as well as the type of hymenophore, if present.

Growth forms include:

• jelly fungus – fruiting body is jelly-like.
• coral fungus
  – erect fruiting body without a distinct stalk and cap, either unbranched (club fungus) or profusely branched (coral fungus).
• polypore – underside of the fruiting body usually consists of tubes; otherwise very variable, usually wood-inhabiting
• tooth fungus or
  hydnoid fungus
  – underside of the fruiting body composed of spines or teeth
• corticioid fungus
  – the underside of the fruiting body is usually smooth or with spines (vs. hydnoid fungi) but not poroid nor gilled; typically effused without caps
• cantharelloid fungus – fruiting body with shallow fold-like gills running over most of the lower surface of the fruiting body and not much differentiation between the stalk and cap.
• gasteromycete
  or "gastroid fungus" – fruiting body has a ball-like shape and in which the hymenophore has become entirely enclosed on the inside of the fruiting body.
• hypogeous
  (underground) fruiting body.
• secotioid fungus – like a gasteromycete, but with a stalk. Thought to be an evolutionarily intermediate stage between a gasteromycete and an agaric.
• agaric or gill fungi – fruiting body with caps, gills, and (usually) a stalk.
• bolete – fleshy fruiting body with a cap, a stalk, and tubes on the underside.

Basic divisions of

• Ascocarp
• Conidium

References

External links

• Evolution & Morphology in the Homobasidiomycetes: The Clade/Morphology Chart by Gary Lincoff & Michael Wood, MykoWeb, November 27, 2005.
• "Mycomorphology Part 1: Why Do Mushrooms Look Like Mushrooms?" by Peter Werner, Mycena News, December 2002. (Archived at MycoWeb)
• "Mycomorphology Part 2: Basidiocarp Keeps its Balance" by Peter Werner, Mycena News, March 2003. (Archived at MycoWeb)