Basilica di San Nicola

Coordinates: 41°7′48.94″N 16°52′13.01″E / 41.1302611°N 16.8702806°E / 41.1302611; 16.8702806
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Basilica of Saint Nicholas
Basilica di San Nicola
Year consecrated
1197
StatusActive
Location
LocationBari, Italy
Geographic coordinates41°7′48.94″N 16°52′13.01″E / 41.1302611°N 16.8702806°E / 41.1302611; 16.8702806
Architecture
TypeChurch
StyleRomanesque
Groundbreaking1089
Completed1197
The interior.

The Pontifical Basilica of Saint Nicholas (

Orthodox Christians
.

History

The

Saint Benedict, was named as first archbishop. His cathedra
(bishop's throne) still stands in the church.

Architecture

The Cathedra of Bishop Elias.

The church has a rather square appearance, seemingly more suited to a castle than to a church. This impression is strengthened by the presence of two low massive towers framing the facade. It was indeed used several times as castle during its history.

The interior has a

matronaeum, a tribune
gallery for women, opening into the nave. The basilica was the first church of this design, setting a precedent which was later imitated in numerous other constructions in the region.

In 2012, a set of integrated data from ground-penetrating radar and seismic sonar highlighted the presence of relevant water infiltrations in two areas of the crypt restored in 1950, which may possibly be due to an accumulation of humidity.[1]

Treasures

Pilgrims at the tomb of Saint Nicholas in Bari (Gentile da Fabriano, c. 1425, National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C.).

The Basilica houses one of the most noteworthy

Romanesque sculptural works of southern Italy, a cathedra (bishop's throne) finished in the late eleventh century for Elias. There are precious mosaic pavements in the crypt and presbytery. The ciborium
, the most ancient in the region, is also decorated with mosaic; it has four columns with foliage, animals and mythological figures. The crypt, with 26 columns sporting capitals in Byzantine and Romanesque style, houses the relics of Saint Nicholas.

The Tomb of St. Nicholas (2023).

In the church there is a 16th-century Renaissance tomb of Bona Sforza, Queen of Poland, made from marble. The Museum of the Basilica has valuable works of art, including a collection of twelfth-century candelabras donated by King Charles I of Anjou.

The church was restored in the late 13th century, in 1456 and in the 17th century. In the 20th-century restoration, most of the Baroque additions were removed, leaving only the gilded wooden ceiling, enframing canvases by Carlo De Rosa.

Feast days

6 December is

Old Calendar
(19 December). Both are celebrated with great solemnity at Bari.

9 May (22 May) is celebrated annually in the Russian Orthodox Church as the feast day of the "Translation of the Relics of Saint Nicholas from Myra to Bari".

Pilgrimages to the basilica from Eastern Europe have increased dramatically since the fall of the Iron Curtain, not only for the feast days, but throughout the year.[citation needed]

See also

References

External links