Batwing antenna
A batwing or super turnstile antenna is a broadcasting
television broadcasting antennas due to their omnidirectional characteristics.[1] Batwing antennas generate a horizontally polarized signal. The advantage of the "batwing" design for television broadcasting is that it has a wide bandwidth. It was the first widely used television broadcasting antenna.[1]
Design and characteristics
Batwing antennas are a specialized type of crossed
horizontally polarized radiation in the horizontal plane. Each group of four elements at a single level is referred to as a bay. The radiation pattern
is close to omnidirectional but has four small lobes (maxima) in the directions of the four elements.
To reduce power radiated in the unwanted axial directions, in broadcast applications multiple bays fed in phase are stacked vertically with a spacing of approximately one
gain
(more of the energy radiated in horizontal directions and less into the sky or down at the earth), suitable for terrestrial broadcasting.
The "batwing" shape of the elements is adapted from the
VSWR of 1.1:1.[1] This makes the antenna design suitable for broadcasters who wish to use a single antenna to transmit multiple television signals and thus made the batwing the preferred antenna for lowband TV stations (Band I
; channels 2–6) in the early days of broadcast television.
See also
References
- ^ a b c d Bartlett, George W., Ed. (1975). National Association of Broadcasters Engineering Manual, 6th Ed (PDF). Washington D. C.: US National Assoc. of Broadcasters. pp. 343–344, 358–359.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)[permanent dead link]
Sources
- ISBN 978-0442015947
- Markley, Don (1 Apr 2004). "Television antenna systems". Broadcast Engineering.
- Milligan, Thomas A. (2005). Modern Antenna Design. Wiley-IEEE Press. ISBN 978-0-471-45776-3.
- Sclater, Neil (1999). Electronics Technology Handbook. McGraw-Hill Professional. ISBN 0-07-058048-0.
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