Bedl-i askeri

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Taxation in the Ottoman Empire
Taxes
Implementation

The bedl-i askeri (or bedel-i askeri) was a tax in the later Ottoman Empire, a result of the tanzimat reforms.[1]

Historically,

conscripts to professional armies
led to many members of the Muslim public paying a charge in lieu of military service too.

However, the

cizye
again, and each person's share might only be 5 to 7 piasters.

The 1909 constitution introduced compulsory conscription, and abolished any payment in lieu of conscription; so the bedl-i askeri ceased.[3]

The term "

ulema, and officers - in contrast to the raya, who were taxpayers rather than decision-makers.[4][5]

References

  1. ISBN 978-0-02-897061-5
    .
  2. ISBN 978-0-8276-0198-7
    .
  3. JSTOR 162752
    .
  4. doi:10.1111/j.1536-7150.2009.00642.x
    .
  5. ^ Acun, Fatma (2002). "The Other Side of the Coin: Tax Exemptions within the Context of Ottoman Taxation History". Bulgarian Historical Review. 1 (2).
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