Bernal de Bonaval
Bernal(do) de Bonaval(le) | |
---|---|
Born | |
Died | Unknown |
Nationality | Galician |
Other names | Bernardo (de) Bonaval |
Occupation | Troubadour |
Years active | 13th century |
Notable work | "A dona que eu amo" |
Bernal(do) de Bonaval(le), also known as Bernardo (de) Bonaval, was a 13th-century
Biography
Little is known for certain about Bernal's background, life, or career.
Sources say that he was a native of Santiago de Compostela,[1][2] which is in the modern Galicia (Spain). He mentions a place called "Bonaval" in several of his poems.[3] It has been suggested that he was born outside the mediaeval city walls of Santiago, because "de Bonaval" may refer to the Convent of San Domingos de Bonaval, which is outside those walls.[4] It has also been suggested that "Bernal de Bonaval" and (in Latin) "Frater Bernardus, prior Bone Uallis" ("Brother Bernardus, prior of Bone Uallis") may have been one and the same. If that suggestion is correct, then Bernal may have been a friar in the Dominican Order, and "de Bonaval" may refer to the convent rather than to his birthplace.[5]
He was active in the 13th century. Some sources suggest that he may have been born in the 12th century. He was known at the courts of
A poem of 1266 by King Alfonso X directed at the troubadour Pero da Ponte mentions Bernal: "Vós nom trobades come proençal, / mais come Bernaldo de Bonaval; / por ende nom é trobar natural / pois que o del e do dem'aprendestes"[5][7][8][9] ("You do not compose like a Provençal / but like Bernaldo de Bonaval / and therefore your poetry-making is not natural / for you learned it from him and from the [D]evil").[10]: 203 Bernal was also mentioned in verse by the troubadours Airas Peres Vuitoron , João Baveca and Pedro (Pero) da Ponte.[5]
It has been suggested in recent times by one author that Bernal may have had a reputation as a passive homosexual,[11] and may have been the same man as the one nicknamed "Bernal Fundado" (i.e. "Bernal the Split").[10]: 67 [Note 1]
Works
He is one of the earliest known xograres or segreis (Galician troubadours).[1] Nineteen of his works have survived: ten cantigas de amor (on the theme of courtly love), eight cantigas de amigo, and one tensón.[1][12][Note 2] He introduced popular motifs and realistic features into what had been a scholastic form of poetry.[12] He has been called "Villonesque",[14] even though François Villon lived two centuries later.
His songs have been preserved in the Cancioneiro da Vaticana (CV 660) and the Cancioneiro da Biblioteca Nacional (CBN 1003).[1][15]
Legacy and critical reception
Rúa de Bernal de Bonaval (a street) in Santiago de Compostela is named after him.
Notes
- Cathars in the Albigensian Crusadein the south of France.
- ^ A tensón was a debate in verse between poets. Bernal's tensón was between him and Abril Pérez .[5][13]
- ^ That source does not name the author of the original text which it quotes, but it is identical to that of Bernal's "Ai, fremosinha, se ben ajades".
References
- ^ a b c d e "Bernal de Bonaval". autoresgalegos.org (in Galician). Retrieved 15 September 2017.
- ^ a b "Bernal de Bonaval". Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana (in Catalan). Retrieved 16 September 2017.
- ^ "500 Cantigas d'Amigo" (PDF). Johns Hopkins University. pp. 361–368. Retrieved 18 September 2017. The original Galician-Portuguese texts of Bernal's eight surviving cantigas d'amigo, with scholarly notes.
- Universidade Nova de Lisboa(in Portuguese). Retrieved 18 September 2017.
- ^ ISSN 0210-377X. Retrieved 21 September 2017.
- Oxford University. Retrieved 16 September 2017.
- ^ "Afonso X". Cantigas Medievais Galego-Portuguesas (in Galician). Retrieved 16 September 2017.
- ^ Malavoglia, Fábio (26 August 2014). "Bernal de Bonaval: A dona que eu am'e tenho". culturafm.cmais.com.br (in Portuguese). Retrieved 19 September 2017.
- ISBN 978-9004181472. Retrieved 22 September 2017.
- ^ ISBN 978-0822323495. Retrieved 19 September 2017.
- ^ Blackmore, Josiah (1997–1998). "Locating the Obscene: Approaching a Poetic Canon". La Corónica. 26 (2): 9–16. Retrieved 19 September 2017.
- ^ a b "Bernal "-àl" de Bonaval". Treccani (in Italian). Retrieved 15 September 2017.
- ISBN 9783110929300. Retrieved 20 September 2017.
- ISBN 978-1138062450. Retrieved 19 September 2017.
- ^ "31- Bernal de Bonaval y el amor platónico". albertosolana.wordpress.com (in Galician). 1 April 2017. Retrieved 22 September 2017.
- ^ "Rúa de Bernal de Bonaval". streetdir.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 15 September 2017.
- ISBN 978-8531602313. Retrieved 22 September 2017.
- ^ Amália Rodrigues, José Carlos Ary Dos Santos, Natália Correia – Cantigas de Amigos at Discogs
- Universidade Nova de Lisboa(in Portuguese). Retrieved 23 September 2017.
- ^ Amancio Prada – Leliadoura at Discogs
- ^ Ribeiro Miranda, José Carlos (1985). "O discursa poético de Bernal de Bonaval]" (PDF). Revista da Faculdade de Letras: Línguas e Literaturas. II (in Portuguese). 2. University of Porto: 105–131. Retrieved 22 September 2017.
- ISBN 978-9027234650.
- d'Heur, Jean-Marie (1973). Troubadours d'oc et troubadours galiciens-portugais : Recherches sur quelques échanges dans la littérature de l'Europe au Moyen âge. Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian. pp. 291–299. ASIN B0014B8JXE.
- Indini, Maria Luisa (1979). Bernal de Bonaval. Biblioteca di filologia romanza (in Italian). Vol. 34. Bari: Adriatica Editrice. Retrieved 18 September 2017.
External links
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png)
- "Bonaval, Bernal de". WorldCat. Retrieved 16 September 2017.
- Songs of a Friend: Love Lyrics of Medieval Portugal. Translated by Fowler, Barbara Hughes (2nd ed.). ISBN 978-0807845745. Retrieved 18 September 2017. Translations of three of Bernal's cantigas d'amigo into English.
- "Bernal de Bonaval". Universidade Nova de Lisboa(in Galician and Portuguese). Retrieved 19 September 2017. The original text of Bernal's cantiga d'amor "Ai Deus! e quem mi tolherá".
- "Bernal de Bonaval". xacopedia.com (in Spanish). Retrieved 19 September 2017.
- Malavoglia, Fábio (26 August 2014). "Bernal de Bonaval: A dona que eu am'e tenho". Cultura FM (São Paulo) (in Portuguese). Retrieved 19 September 2017.
- "Bernardo De Bonaval Refrão Do Texto artigos e trabalhos de pesquisa". trabalhosfeitos.com (in Portuguese). Retrieved 19 September 2017.