Bonanza, Arkansas
Bonanza, Arkansas | ||
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FIPS code 05-07540 | | |
GNIS feature ID | 0057406 |
Bonanza is a city[2] in Sebastian County, Arkansas, United States. It is part of the Fort Smith, Arkansas-Oklahoma Metropolitan Statistical Area. At the 2010 Census, the population of Bonanza was 575. According to the 2018 US Census Bureau estimates, the population of Bonanza was 564.[3] Bonanza began as a coal mining town of the Central Coal and Coke company.
History
On October 10, 1851, Sebastian County was created from parts of Crawford, Polk, and Scott County Arkansas placing Bonanza within the boundaries. Coal was discovered near the Arkansas-Oklahoma line about 12 miles southeast of Fort Smith. The Central Coal and Coke company laid tracks to the area in 1896 as part of the "St. Louis and San Francisco Railway". Bonanza sprang up as a company town. Mine #10 did not give good results but Mine #12 soon had 144 workers. Mine #20 employed 185 workers and Mine #26 employed 76 workers. The workers and their families soon reached a sizable number and C.C. Woodson filed a petition to incorporate and on November 26, 1898, the town was chartered.
Bonanza Race War
Around 200 citizens held a meeting with the purpose of removing black workers from the town. A resolution was passed “demanding that about forty negroes employed by Central Coal and Coke Company leave town.”. On April 30, 1904, there was a gun battle between black and white miners. It was reported that around 500 rounds were fired and the Arkansas Gazette reported on May 7, "nearly all black residents had left the city.".[4]
Geography
Bonanza is located at 35°14′16″N 94°25′44″W / 35.23778°N 94.42889°W (35.237676, -94.428892).[5]
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 3.2 km2 (1.2 mi2), all land.
Demographics
Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
---|---|---|---|
1900 | 906 | — | |
1910 | 811 | −10.5% | |
1920 | 516 | −36.4% | |
1930 | 406 | −21.3% | |
1940 | 486 | 19.7% | |
1950 | 361 | −25.7% | |
1960 | 247 | −31.6% | |
1970 | 342 | 38.5% | |
1980 | 553 | 61.7% | |
1990 | 520 | −6.0% | |
2000 | 514 | −1.2% | |
2010 | 575 | 11.9% | |
2020 | 587 | 2.1% | |
U.S. Decennial Census[6] |
As of the
There were 199 households, out of which 26.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.8% were married couples living together, 8.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 24.1% were non-families. 20.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.58 and the average family size was 2.96.
In the town the population was spread out, with 23.7% under the age of 18, 8.4% from 18 to 24, 25.3% from 25 to 44, 28.6% from 45 to 64, and 14.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 113.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 107.4 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $30,809, and the median income for a family was $37,344. Males had a median income of $30,368 versus $17,500 for females. The
Education
Almost all of the town is in the
See also
- List of cities in Arkansas
References
- ^ "2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved October 29, 2021.
- ^ Local.Arkansas.gov - Bonanza, retrieved September 3, 2012
- ^ "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". Retrieved March 14, 2020.
- ^ Lancaster, Guy (April 2010). "The Bonanza Race War of 1904". Journal of the Fort Smith Historical Society 34. Retrieved January 16, 2015.
- ^ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. February 12, 2011. Retrieved April 23, 2011.
- ^ "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
- ^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
- U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved September 19, 2022.
External links
Media related to Bonanza, Arkansas at Wikimedia Commons