British Rail Class 46

The British Rail Class 46 is a class of diesel locomotive. They were built from 1961 to 1963 at British Railways' Derby Works and were initially numbered D138–D193. With the arrival of TOPS they were renumbered to Class 46. Along with the similar Class 44 and 45 locomotives, they became known as Peaks.

Fifty-six locomotives were built. The first was withdrawn in 1977 and all were withdrawn by the end of 1984.

Overview

The Class 46 design was structurally the same as the preceding Class 45 build, and had the same Sulzer engine, but differed in the fitment of a Brush generator and traction motors, in place of the Crompton Parkinson equipment fitted to the Class 45. Along with the other Sulzer class 44 and 45 designs they are often referred to as "Peaks", so named because the Class 44s were named after mountains.^[1][2]

The British Transport Commission decided to cancel the final twenty Class 46 locomotives then on order and invited bids for twenty locomotives of a new Type 4 specification using the Brush electrical equipment intended for the cancelled order. Brush won the contract with what became the Class 47.^[3][4]

In common with the other classes of Peak diesel which had the same design, Class 46 locomotives were prone to cracking of the bogie castings. This was due to the stresses of negotiating sharp curves with a bogie of such length, and also because the buffing gear was mounted on the bogie itelf and not on the main frame of the locomotive.^[5]

Liveries

All Class 46s were delivered in BR Green with a broad horizontal grey stripe on the lower bodyside and small yellow warning panels on the ends. From the late 1960s all were repainted into the corporate image Rail Blue, although repaints carried out at BR depots between works visits did vary and at least D138 (later 46 001) was recorded in Rail Blue with full yellow ends, but retaining the grey stripe on the lower body side.^[6]

Naming

Unlike the earlier Peak designs, many of which were named, only one class 46 was so graced: D163 (later 46 026) carried the name Leicestershire and Derbyshire Yeomanry from new. This engine was nicknamed "The Lady" by both staff and rail fans alike. This name is now carried by the preserved Class 45 number D123 / 45 125.

Operation

Distribution of locomotives,
March 1974^[7]

BR GD LA
Code	Name	Quantity
BR	Bristol Bath Road	22
GD	Gateshead	24
LA	Laira	10
Total:		56

Whilst seeing intermittent use on freight trains, Class 46s were regular performers on passenger turns, particularly North East-South West, Trans-Pennine and secondary North East-London trains,

For a period around 1980 several Class 46 locomotives were placed into store at Swindon Works. Some were only stored for a few months, but most were reinstated to operational use by the end of 1981.^[10]

In the 1980s the remaining locomotives were concentrated at Gateshead depot, and the final booked passenger workings for the class were the dated summer Saturday services Bradford - Weymouth (between Bradford and Birmingham New Street), Newcastle - Plymouth, Newcastle - Blackpool North, and York - Blackpool North.^[11] Final official withdrawal of the last 5 locmomotives was on 25 December 1984.^[6]

Beyond the operational life, two Class 46s were transferred to departmental stock in December 1984. 46 035 became 97 403 and was named 'Ixion'. It was used for tests into adhesion and had a large red panel painted on the sides in the then-standard departmental livery. 46 045 was renumbered 97 404 and was retained as a source of spare parts for 97 403 as required.^[12]

Disposal of Class 46s was almost exclusively carried out at BR works, with Swindon Works doing much of the work along with Derby Works and Doncaster Works. The two exceptions were 46 027 which was cut up at Vic Berrys scrapyard in Leiceter, and 46 009 whose final demise is described below.^[6]

Nuclear flask crash test

On 17 July 1984, 46 009 (formerly D146), hauling three

46 009 was scrapped on site at Old Dalby later the same month by Vic Berry of Leicester. Sister locomotive 46 023 had been the standby locomotive in case 46 009 failed.^[17] The flask that was used in this test is on display outside Heysham 1 power station training centre.Images

Preservation

Three of the class have been preserved: 46 010 (formerly D147) at the Nottingham Heritage Railway, 46 035 Ixion (formerly D172) at Peak Rail owned by the Waterman Railway Trust, and D182 (46 045) which is owned by the Peak Locomotive Company at the Midland Railway – Butterley^[18]

In February 1994, D172 became the first privately owned ex-BR diesel to be certified for main line operation.^[19]

Gallery

References

Citations

Sources

• Derrick, Kevin (2004). Historic traction in colour : The Peaks. Heritage Traction Series. Vol. 2. Kendal: Nostalgia Road Publications.
  ISBN 1 903016 41 X
  .
• ISBN 0715375148
  .

Further reading

• Marsden, Colin J.; Fenn, Graham B. (1988). British Rail Main Line Diesel Locomotives. Sparkford: Haynes. pp. 196–199.
  OCLC 17916362
  .
• Vehicle Diagram Book No. 100 for Main Line Diesel Locomotives (PDF). Derby: British Railways Board. October 1984. pp. 27, 37, 108–109 (per pdf) – via Barrowmore MRG.
• "New life for '46s'".
  OCLC 49957965
  .
• Yeoman (June 1984). "Class 46: Update on a dying breed".
  OCLC 49957965
  .

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to British Rail Class 46.

• Railblue.com Archived 22 November 2008 at the Wayback Machine A list of fleet numbers with dates withdrawn.