Bulgarian occupation of Albania

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This article is about Bulgarian occupation of Albania during First World War. For other uses, see Albania under the Bulgarian Empire.

The Bulgarian occupation of Albania was an

Albania,[1] until September 9, 1917, when French troops captured Pogradec from the Bulgarian army.[1]

Background

During the

First World War on the side of the Central Powers in autumn 1915, many ethnic Albanians joined Bulgaria in their fight against Serbia, and were given arms.[4] Among them were Sali Butka, a south Albanian guerrilla leader,[1] Hysejn Nikolica[1] and Themistokli Gërmenji (until December 1916).[5]

Events

On December 10, 1915, the

Shkodra and Lezhë.[1]

A company from the twenty-third

Elbassan on January 29, 1916.[1]

There was a rivalry between the

Essad Pasha Toptani to leave his proclaimed Republic of Central Albania on February 24, 1916, when he again declared war against Austria-Hungary.[1]

In March 1916 the army of Austria-Hungary took over control of

Prince Kiril, second son of Ferdinand I of Bulgaria, for their king (mbret).[7]
On August 18, 1916 the
Albania in a combined attack against the Italian army, expanded their occupied territory as far as Korçë ejecting the Greek garrison from that territory.[8]

Sali Butka, the south Albanian guerrilla leader who had joined with his lot the invading armies of Austria-Hungary and Bulgaria, burned Moscopole, near Korçë, on October 16, 1916.[1] At that time the Bulgarian army held Pogradec under occupation, together with the army of Austria-Hungary.[citation needed]

Italian advance in Southern Albania, Autumn 1916

Shortly after, the

French army occupied Korçë. On October 25, 1916, it was announced that the Italians were now in touch with the allied left wing in Macedonia.[9]

In September 1917 general Maurice Sarrail undertook an action against the armies of Austria-Hungary and Bulgaria in Albania. Together with the armies of Bulgaria and Austria-Hungary, there were Albanians, led by Hysejn Nikolica, which fought against the French.[1] But without success: On September 9, 1917 French troops captured Pogradec, ending the Bulgarian occupation of Albania.[1]

References

  1. ^
    ISBN 978-1-84511-013-0
    . Retrieved January 11, 2011. December 10–11th; The Bulgarians crossed the Drin into Albania and attacked Serbian positions along the crest of Jablanica mountain range
  2. Zogu, Ahmed. "King Zog Tells his Story to Herman Bernstein, former United States Minister to Albania". New York: YIVO Institute for Jewish Research. Archived from the original
    on July 17, 2011. Retrieved January 11, 2011. while South Albania was being oppressed by the Greeks, Valona by the Italians, the east by the Bulgarians, and the rest of the country by the Austrians.
  3. ISBN 1-86064-541-0
    . Retrieved January 11, 2011. Bulgarians were pushing into Albania from the East.
  4. ISBN 86-447-0006-5
    . Retrieved January 8, 2011. The beginning of the German-Austro-Hungarian offensive against Serbia in autumn, 1915, Bulgaria's engagement in war on the side of the Central Powers and its attack on Serbia, ... Masses of ethnic Albanians recruited into the Serbian army became deserters, and many joined the Bulgarians who gave them arms...Essad Pasha ... fought ... against Albanian companies that joined Austro-Hungarian and Bulgarian troops.
  5. ISBN 978-2-84586-816-8
    , ... ce personnage alla dans le sens d'une cooperation avec les Bulgares....
  6. ^ "The Times history of the war" (txt). The Times. London. Retrieved January 11, 2011. Akif Pasha, actually set up a Provisional Government, though apparently with Austrian approval, in Elbasan. The Bulgarians shifted their centre of intrigue – farther south to Berat.
  7. ^ "The Times history of the war" (txt). The Times. London. Retrieved January 11, 2011. About this time they seem to have been coquetting with the idea of persuading certain of the Albanian leaders to elect Prince Cyril, second son of Tsar Ferdinand, Mbret of Albania.
  8. ^ "The Times history of the war" (txt). The Times. London. Retrieved January 11, 2011. In their invasion of August 18 the Bulgarians had pushed west as far as Koritsa (S.W. of Lake Prespa), whence they ejected the Greek garrison.
  9. ^ "The Times history of the war" (txt). The Times. London. Retrieved January 11, 2011. Italian Expeditionary Force made its way through the broken country of Northern Epirus. and on October 25 it was announced that it was in touch with the Allies'" left wing, where, about the same time, the French occupied Koritsa.
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