CD180 is a cell surface molecule consisting of extracellular leucine-rich repeats (LRR) and a short cytoplasmic tail. It is also known by the archaic terms Bgp-95 and RP105, for the founding designations following discovery in humans (1988) and mice (1994), respectively. CD180 is expressed on antigen presenting cells including B cells and dendritic cells. The extracellular LRR is associated with a molecule called MD-1 and form the cell surface receptor complex, CD180/MD-1. It belongs to the family of pathogen receptors, Toll-like receptors (TLR). CD180/MD-1, by working in concert with TLR4, controls B cell recognition and signaling of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a membrane constituent of Gram-negative bacteria.[7]
Recently, CD180 has been demonstrated to be involved in the survival and prognosis of
Honda Y, Yamagiwa S, Matsuda Y, et al. (2007). "Altered expression of TLR homolog RP105 on monocytes hypersensitive to LPS in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis". J. Hepatol. 47 (3): 404–11.
Izmailova E, Bertley FM, Huang Q, et al. (2003). "HIV-1 Tat reprograms immature dendritic cells to express chemoattractants for activated T cells and macrophages". Nat. Med. 9 (2): 191–7.
Miyake K, Shimazu R, Kondo J, et al. (1998). "Mouse MD-1, a molecule that is physically associated with RP105 and positively regulates its expression". J. Immunol. 161 (3): 1348–53.
