Cairbre Drom Cliabh
| Cairbre Drom Cliabh Cairbre na Catha/Críoch Cairbre/Cairbre Mór | |
|---|---|
| Túath/ Tríocha Céad | |
 Cairbre Drom Cliabh in Iochtar Connacht. | |
| History | |
| • Created | uncertain |
| • Abolished | 1603 |
| • Succeeded by | Barony of Carbury, County Sligo |
| Status | Saor túath (Free Territory) |
| • Type | Rí túath/Oireacht Mixed Democratic Monarchy |
| Contained within | |
| • Confederation | Iochtar Connacht |
| Subdivisions | |
| • Type | Parishes/Townlands |
Cairbre Drom Cliabh (meaning "Ui Cairbre, the descendants of
As a frontier territory of
For a list of chiefs of Cairbre Drom Cliabh see
Location and extent
This territory is between the coast and the
Organisation
The territory was governed by an elected Rí-tuath and an oireachtas or assembly of free noblemen under the Gaelic system of Fenechus law. It was organised into parishes from the 12th century and townlands.
History
The túath takes its name from the semi-legendary king
Cairbre was excluded from most later lists of High Kings but remains in the earliest, the Baile Chuinn Chétchathaig. Chiefs of Cenél Cairpre included O'Mulclohy (the Irish: Ó Maolchloiche) a name later translated to Stone. Cairbre's descendants at an early date controlled a larger Cairpre Mor grouping which stretched from Sligo to Westmeath, taking in Leitrim and parts of Fermanagh (such as Tuatha Ratha or Magheraboy) and Longford (North Tethbae). It was split in two by the expansion of the Kingdom of Breifne under the Uí Briúin. The southern group known as the Cairpre Gabra settled in the barony of Granard in County Longford. Another branch known as the "Uí Cairpri Laigen" which settled in barony of Carbury in County Kildare was probably a later off-shoot of this group. Cairbre supplied only one High King of Ireland, his grandson, Túathal Máelgarb Dunadhach.
In 561 AD the Battle of Cúl Dreimhne (also called the Battle of the Book) was fought at Cooladrumman, a townland near Drumcliff in this territory.
This territory, under the shadow of
1029 - Annals of Tigernach: "A great loss of life on Inis Lainne in Cairbre Mór, where forty persons of the nobles of Cairbre were burned alive, including Aodh Ó Ruairc, king of Cairbre, and the superior of Drumcliff.
— AFM
It may have covered a larger area before the twelfth century when conquered by Tigernán Ua Ruairc of Breifne. It was then taken over by Brian Luighnech Ua Conchobhair of the O'Conchobar dynasty sept called the Clann Aindrias or Ó Conchobhair Sligigh in the period of instability following the Norman conquest of Ireland. He was killed in 1181 at Magh-Diughbha in Crich Coirpre with his brother Maghnus by the Cenel Conaill.
In 1051 AD Cathal, son of Tighearnain, lord of Breifne, went upon a predatory excursion into Eabha, and demolished Dun-Feich, where fifty persons were slain, and whence seven hundred cows were carried off.
In 575 AD the monastery of Drumcliff was founded by Saint Colmcille.
Norman era
As a border territory it was granted to Norman adventurer Philip de Angelo (Costello, Irish: Mac Coisdealbhaigh) one of the brothers of Gilbert de Angulo. This was one of a number of grants to outlawed Norman lords at this time by Cathal Crobhdearg, King of Connacht who was seeking help against his enemies in Ulster. Gilbert and his brothers led the forward policy against Cenel Conaill on behalf of the king but Gilbert was killed at Ballyshannon in 1213.
1214.7 - The territory of Carbury County Sligo, the possession of Philip Mac Costello, was preyed by Ualgarg O'Rourke, who carried off a number of cows. [In Norman hands in a grant from the King of Connacht].
Following the invasion of Connacht by Richard Mór de Burgh in the 1230s Maurice FitzGerald, 2nd Lord of Offaly of the FitzGerald dynasty was granted lands and established the castle, port and town of Sligo. He was to the forefront of pushing the frontier against Tir Conaill and Tir Eoghan until his defeat in the Battle of Creadran Cille at Ros Ceide in 1257.
1257 AD the Battle of
Creadran Cille was fought between the Normans and Irish at Ros Ceite (Rosses Point).
The family fell out with the de Burghs later and were divested of their Connacht lands. This weakening of the Norman colony in Carbury and Sligo allowed the Clann Aindrias the space to establish the Lordship of Iochtar Connacht (Lower Connacht) in the wake of the Burke Civil War from their base, Caislen-conor in Fassacoille, now Bradcullen in the townland of Urlar.
Lines of the original Cenel Cairbre Drom Cliabh survived quasi-anglicised as 'Stone' (from O'Mulclohy) in Carbury and the O'Flanagan's of Tuatha Ratha, in the barony of Magheraboy, Fermanagh.[5]
Later Medieval era
In September 1588 three ships of the Spanish Armada were wrecked on the coast of Cairbre at Streedagh strand. The Spanish officer Francisco de Cuellar described the shipwreck and his subsequent adventures in a letter home in 1591. The wreck-site was rediscovered in 1985.
Annal entries
In AD 542 the Battle of Sligo, in which Eogan Bél, king of Connacht, fell by Fergus and Domnall two sons of Muircheartach son of Erc, and by Ainmire son of Setna and by Naindid son of Dua who were the victors. Whence it was said:
The battle of Uí Fiachrach is fought,
With fury of edges over the border,
Foemen's kine bellow against spears,
The battle was spread out into Crinder.
The
Sligo rivercarried off to the great seaMen's blood with their flesh,
Round the head of Eogan Bél. (AFM)
In 538 BC the battle of the Codnaige (
References
- ^ "Sligo, Ireland". Sligo, Ireland. Retrieved 2014-04-26.
- ^ "History, Heritage, Folklore, and News from County Sligo, Ireland". Sligoheritage.com. Retrieved 2014-04-26.
- ^ "Bréachmhaigh/Breaghwy". Logainm.ie (in Irish). Retrieved 2021-07-27.
- ^ "Machaire Eabha/Maugherow". Logainm.ie (in Irish). Retrieved 2021-07-27.
- ^ "An tUrlár/Urlar". Logainm.ie (in Irish). Retrieved 2021-07-27.