Cambewarra Range Nature Reserve
Cambewarra Range Nature Reserve Part of Yuin Nation | |
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Geography | |
Location | Camden, South Coast of NSW, Australia |
Coordinates | 34°46′23″S 150°31′50″E / 34.77306°S 150.53056°E |
Area | 1,400 hectares |
Administration | |
Status | Nature Reserve |
Established | 2001 |
Visitation | Open year round |
Governing body | NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service |
Website | www |
The Cambewarra Range Nature Reserve, as part of the
Established in 2001, the Reserve is ecologically representative of the local
In 2003, Devils Glen, Red Rocks and Black Ash Nature Reserves were amalgamated into Cambewarra Range Nature Reserve. This is now a part of the Kangaroo Valley National Parks, consisting of the smaller refuges of Kangaroo River, Cambewarra Range, Barrengarry and Rodway Nature Reserves, which are covered by the Southern Regional Forest Agreement. The Illawarra-Shoalhaven subtropical rainforest occurs in the reserve.
Kangaroo valley is part of a system of conservation reserves, which includes Kangaroo River Nature Reserve and Barrengarry Nature Reserve. National parks in the area including the Morton National Park, Budderoo National Park and Barren Grounds Nature Reserve.[1]
Geology and soils
The Cambewarra Range Nature Reserve is located in the southern part of the Sydney Basin. The Sydney Basin is located on the central east coast of New South Wales, and it covers an area of 36240 km2. The geological basin is filled with sandstones and shales from the Permian to Triassic periods that overlies older basement rocks of the Lachlan Fold Belt.[2]
The southern part of the Sydney basin, the
Above the Permian deposits overlie Triassic sediments, which are of
Climate
The average annual rainfall is above the 1200 mm level that applies around the South Coast. Snowfalls are common above than 1000 m on the Central and Southern tablelands through winter, and even as late as November in unusual falls. The mean yearly temperature remains nearly 16 °C along the Coastal plains.
Rivers and water quality
There are numerous small creeks, such as Nugents Creek and O’Hares Creek, flowing through Cambewarra Range Nature Reserve, which eventually flow into the
A water quality survey of benthic macroinvertebrates in Nugent's Creek and O’Hares Creeks conducted by students from the
During the summer, some parts of the river in Cambewarra dry or the water becomes black. 'Black' water is water with little or no oxygen in it. This water is dark in colour due to the destruction of plants and other organic matter so as to have high dissolved organic carbon from decomposing vegetation.[9]
History
The range was first in use in the 1800s for
The
The term 'Cambewarra' means 'mountain of fire'. So, these aboriginal people named the mountain, Cambewarra, because it was believed that volcano eruption once took place in the mountain. Another logic behind the name, Cambewarra, is that the apex of the mountain is mostly covered by the cloud which appears as the smoke coming from the top of the mountain.[11]
Habitat
Cambewarra Range Nature Reserve has mixed habitats but is dominated by coastal hinterland subtropical warm temperate rainforest consisting mainly of
Flora
The Cambewarra Range Nature Reserve, a large portion of which is old growth forest, most commonly comprises coachwood (
Two threatened plant species have been recorded in Cambewarra Range Nature Reserve. The endangered Solanum celatum was observed on Cambewarra Mountain early in the 20th century but it is not known if it still occurs there. The vulnerable orchid Cryptostylis hunteriana is found on the Red Rocks plateau.
Fauna
Cambewarra Range Nature Reserve provides suitable habitat for diverse species of animals as it has a combination of different types of habitat; the diversity is particularly high in the case of birds and herpetofauna. Fauna surveys conducted in the area has revealed a total of 61 species in the Red Rocks section of the Reserve. Several endangered native animal species are found in Camberwarra Range Nature Reserve which includes eastern bristlebird (
Human impacts
Cambewarra Range Nature Reserve is larger in area compared to other nature reserves in the same region and it is surrounded by private land. With this urbanization, native faunal and floral diversity has more trends to be influenced by humans. For example, clearing and incursion weed, agricultural pest control and introduced predators such as cats and foxes may affect the fauna and flora in the nature reserve. Lantana is a most common incursion weed type in wet forest margins of Cambewarra Range Nature Reserve. The native species of Brush-tailed rock-wallaby is threatened by foxes, but the fox control has been undertaken within the reserve. Cambewarra Range Nature Reserve has water catchment areas. There are creeks that flow in to Kangaroo river and hence to Lake Yarrunga (Tallowa Dam). That is a part of Shoalhaven Scheme. The dam supplies water for the residences around Cambewarra Range Nature Reserve. Although the nature reserve is known to have limited access and few facilities for public, it already has facilities for walking, bird watching, scenery viewing, horse riding (only on public roads within reserve) and educational use like research. A vehicle park and also publicly available vehicle access are available within the reserve. Leobold Hill road and Red Rocks Trig Trail are the roads across the reserve’s plateau which makes available the access through to the end of the cliff line. It makes significant damage to the trail where it crosses a poorly drained area. This happens especially in wet weather.
Research and management
Cambewarra Range Nature Reserve has recently attracted attention from students and
Sections of the Reserve were identified for suitability in long term ecological research (see LTER: Long Term Ecological Research Network), and since 2014 areas in the Reserve have been surveyed for its fauna, using various techniques, such as remote cameras and hair funnel traps. These were placed and retrieved for data by scientists and students from University of Wollongong. Twice a year (since 2014) the data is collected and some of it is represented in the gallery of fauna found on this page.
The legislation and policies for the management of nature reserves in NSW come under
This area contains the Endangered Ecological Community known as the Illawarra Subtropical Rainforest (in the Sydney Basin Bioregion); see Schedule 2, Biodiversity Conservation Act 2016 no 63.[15] The Illawarra Subtropical Rainforest is one of ten priority management sites which have been identified by the NSW Government Office of Environment and Heritage.[16] Site 10: is the Cambewarra Range Nature Reserve. This site incorporates the slopes to the north of Cambewarra, including Cambewarra Range Nature Reserve, up to Tourist Road and extending east towards Jaspers Brush. The total site area is 1,322 (ha)
The developmental control of this Reserve is effectively exercised by the director of the National Parks and Wildlife Service (NSW). Cambewarra Range Nature Reserve management objectives are to protect and conserve the biodiversity, the geological features and the cultural values of landscapes.
Given that the native carnivore, the
Gallery
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Callistemon citrinus
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Cambewerra Nature Reserve Discovery
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Field trip
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Plants
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Landscape
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Enjoying the fresh air and the beautiful landscape while discussing the project
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DIY toilet in nature
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Zekai and David while taking photos of the waterfall
References
- ^ )
- ^ Morgan, G., 2001. Delineation and description of the Eastern Environmental Subregions (provinces) in New South Wales Study. NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service, Hurstville
- ^ Loughnan, F.C. and Ward, C.R., 1971. Pyrophyllite-Bearing Flint Clay from the Cambewarra Area, New South Wales. Clay Minerals, 9(1), pp.83-95, Office of Environment & Heritage, 2016, Bioregions of NSW, NSW Government, viewed 8 June 2016, http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/resources/nature/sydneyBasin.pdf
- ^ a b James, N. and Gellie, H., (2005). Cunninghamia, 9(2), pp.219–254.
- ^ Mella, S. and Modill, P., (2007). Climate changes, Heat illness and Adaptation in NSW. Environment Health, 7(3), pp. 28.
- ^ a b Davey, Adrian; Weirick, James (1986). A Management Strategy For The Illawarra Escarpment And Cambewarra Range, N.S.W.: Report To Illawarra Region Of Councils: Applied Natural Resource Management.
- ^ Mooney, C and Farrier, D 2002, "A micro case study of the legal and administrative arrangements for river health in the Kangaroo River (NSW)", Water Science and Technology, vol. 45, no. 11, pp. 161–168.
- ^ "Biomonitoring Macroinvertebrates-Mayflies, Monitoring and Assessment, Bureau of Land and Water Quality, Maine Department of Environmental Protection". Archived from the original on 24 January 2015.
- ^ "Black Water" (PDF). New South Wales Department of Primary Industries. Retrieved 14 July 2019.
- ^ ISBN 0-7301-0151-7
- ^ "Cambewarra Range Nature Reserve | Learn more".
- ^ a b c d e "Kangaroo Valley Group of Nature Reserves: Plan of Management" (PDF). NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service. April 2009. © Department of Environment and Climate Change NSW 2009: Use permitted with appropriate acknowledgment.
- ^ Mills (1992). Vegetation Mapping Project Red Rocks Nature Reserve. Report for NPWS.
- ^ Floyd, 1983
- ^ "Home - NSW legislation".
- ^ "Saving our Species strategies | NSW Environment, Energy and Science".
- ^ Glen A.S. and Dickman C.R. Niche overlap between marsupial and eutherian carnivores: does competition threaten the endangered spotted-tailed quoll? Journal of Applied Ecology 2008, 45, 700-707
External links
Seeking data: images of sugar gliders
Uncle Frank Mumbler from the South Coast of NSW, Australia. This song 'Jacky' contains Tharawal language and is likely the only recording ever made of his important story. This film, and many other recordings made in 1987, 88 and 89, are with The Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies (AIATSIS) - a world-renowned research, collections and publishing organisation. AIATSIS promotes "knowledge and understanding of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander cultures, traditions, languages and stories, past and present".