Cardinal de Bouillon
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His Eminence Emmanuel Théodose | |
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Emmanuel-Théodose de La Tour d'Auvergne, cardinal de Bouillon (24 August 1643 – 2 March 1715, Rome) was a French prelate and diplomat.
Biography
Originally known as the Duc d'Albret,
In 1658, he was appointed a canon of
His brother
Louvois, the powerful minister of Louis XIV, inspired by enmity to the house of Turenne, successfully opposed certain of his demands on the king for the benefit of members of his family, and the cardinal's disappointment vented itself in a bitter satire on his royal master. This was used to effect Bouillon's downfall at court.[3]
He carried out the nuptials between
Painting by Giovanni Battista Gaulli
The cardinal then put forth great efforts to obtain the vacant
He was recalled to France, but he hesitated to obey the Royal order since he was next in line for the office of
With similar motives in mind as for his tomb project in Cluny, i.e. as contributing factors to a grander scheme of establishing his family as sovereign princes, the cardinal employed Étienne Baluze to compose an Histoire généalogique de la maison d'Auvergne (1708, 2 vols. in fol.), partly based on falsifications. After losing his appeal to uphold his rule over the Cluniac monks in 1710, Bouillon wrote a deeply insulting letter to the king and fled to Prince Eugene of Savoy in the Low Countries.[1]
A warrant for his arrest was issued by the Royal Parliament, and his possessions again confiscated. Only now, because of the dynastic pretensions expressed in them, Baluze's Histoire was banned and the building of the tomb at Cluny prevented.[1][4]
Bouillon soon went to take up his residence at Rome, where he spent his last days as a guest of the Jesuits in the Jesuit novitiate at Sant'Andrea al Quirinale, where he was eventually buried.[citation needed]
While bishop, he was the principal consecrator of:[2]
- Bishop of Bagnoregio(1698);
- Bishop of Borgo San Donnino(1698); and
- Pope of Rome(1700).
Notes
- ^ a b c d Gerhard Bissell, Pierre Le Gros 1666–1719, Reading (Si Vede) 1997, pp. p. 46-59 (in German).
- ^ a b "Emmanuel-Theódose Cardinal de la Tour d’Auvergne de Bouillon" Catholic-Hierarchy.org. David M. Cheney. Retrieved January 4, 2017
- ^ a b Gilligan, Edward Augustine (1907). . In Herbermann, Charles (ed.). Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 2. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
- ^ The sculptures were never unpacked and stayed in the abbey until the French Revolution. The main parts are now displayed in the Hôtel-Dieu in Cluny. For another detailed account of the intriguing circumstances of this tomb project see also Mary Jackson Harvey, Death and Dynasty in the Bouillon Tomb Commissions, in: Art Bulletin 74, June 1992, pp. 272–296 (like Bissell with extensive further literature).
References
- De Feller-Pérennès, Biogr. Gener. (Paris, 1834), II, 470.
- Felix Reyssié, Le cardinal de Bouillon (1643–1715), Paris 1899.
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