Chongming Island

Coordinates: 31°40′N 121°30′E / 31.667°N 121.500°E / 31.667; 121.500 (Chongming Island)
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Chongming
Hanyu Pinyin
Chóngmíng Dǎo
Wade–GilesChʻung-ming Tao

Chongming (

municipality of Shanghai. At the time of the 2010 Chinese census
, its population was 660,000.

A 20-kilometer-long (12 mi) stretch of the north shore of the island is not part of

Chongming District of Shanghai but are instead two pene-exclaves of Jiangsu, formed by the connection of Chongming to the formerly-separate island of Yonglongsha
.

Etymology

The island is named for Chongming, an early settlement on the island of Xisha that was named for its placement on relatively high and clear ground.[1][4]

History

Present-day Chongming first developed as two separate

fishermen and salt collectors,[6] with their principal saltern
at Tianci.

In the 14th year of

county[1] but, shortly afterwards, a major subsidence—sinking the entirety of Dongsha and most of Xisha—provoked a mass emigration back to the mainland.[6]
Around the same time, however, Sansha expanded towards the north while Yaoliusha simultaneously eroded in the south while building up in the north, "migrating" it towards Sansha.

Chongming County was later placed in

Kangxi Eras
(1644–1722), Rilongsha, Yongansha, Ping'ansha, Dongsansha, and around 25 others arose without sinking.

Under the

tidal flats in the 1960s and '90s, doubled the size of the island between 1950 and 2010.[5] It began to absorb the separate island of Yonglongsha—creating an enclave of Jiangsu on the northern shore of the island—in 1972.[9]

Communist Party Chief Chen Liangyu.[10][11]

Geography

Map including Chongming Island

Chongming is about 81 kilometers (50 mi) running east and west and generally between 13 and 18 kilometers (8.1 and 11.2 mi) north to south, covering 1,267 square kilometers (489 sq mi).[5] The island has an average elevation of 1.6–2.6 meters (5 ft 3 in – 8 ft 6 in) above sea level, with the northwest and central areas somewhat higher than the southwest and eastern ones.[5]

Location

Chongming is located in the

Taicang County, meanwhile, lies across the southern channel next to Shanghai's Baoshan District.[1]

Chongming is about two hours' distance from central Shanghai.[12]

Enclaves

Main:
Haiyong
& Qilong

Owing to the continuous expansion of the island, there are two

Haiyong township joined separately in 1975. Haiyong is now around 12.5 km2 (5 sq mi)[13]
while Qilong now stretches along 20 kilometers (12 mi) of the north shore of the island. As it is usually only about 1.5 km (0.93 mi) wide, however, its area is only around 36.8 km2 (14.2 sq mi).

Environment

Efforts to improve water quality in local areas[14] successfully resulted in notable recoveries.[15] Furthermore, stable numbers of endangered finless porpoises, have been discovered along the island where two subspecies may occur.[16]

Landmarks

Under its poetic name of Yingzhou, various locales around the island were treated as its "8 views" during the

dynasties.[3]

Today, Dongping National Forest Park is located in the central part of the island. Dongping Forest Farm was established in 1959, opened to the public in 1989, and became a nationally protected area in 1993. It is Shanghai's largest forest park, with artificially-planted trees covering 3.55 square kilometers (1.37 sq mi). The island is also home to the Dongtan Nature Reserve and the Chongxi Wetland Park,[5] as well as the Chongming National Geological Park.[1]

Tourism

The county runs two 4A-class attractions and four 3A-class attractions. The tourism

agritainment
options in Yingdong Village and Nanjiang Village. Central Chongming features Dongping National Forest Park, agritainment options at Qianwei Village, Gaojia Zhuangyuan and Ruihua Orchard, Genbao Football Base, Chongming Xuegong (Chongming Museum), Jinaoshan Park, Shou'an Temple and Sanmin Cultural Village. West Chongming offers Mingzhu Lake Park, Xiling Resort, Xisha Wetland and agritainment at Lugang Village.

Economy

Chengqiao's 10-square-kilometer (3.9 sq mi) Chongming Industrial Zone was established in March 1994 and promoted to municipal status in February 1996. It lies west of the town center and north of Nanmen Port.[18]

Chongming is also a center of

Changxing.[1]

Chongming Confucian Temple

Culture

Chongming boasts one of Shanghai's three

Confucian temples, along with Shou'an and Hanshan Temples, Mount Jin'ao, and the tomb of Tang Yicen.[1]

Annual festivals on Chongming include the Shanghai Chongming Forest Travel Festival,

RMB.[20]

The Tour of Chongming Island is an annual elite international women's cycling race consisting of a one-day race and a stage race.[21]

Government

Main article:
Chongming District

Administratively, the Shanghai side of Chongming Island is divided among 15

Haiyong Township and Qilong Township
.

A map of Shanghai's major arteries, including the completed Hushan and proposed Huchong Expressways to Chongming.

Infrastructure

Whereas the island was previously only connected to the mainland by

Baoshan across the Yangtze.[1]

The new bridges form part of the

Chongming County, accessing over 98% of its 227 communities.[1]

18 ferries still connect the island.

Changxing and Hengsha.[1]

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Chongming.

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q "Chongming County" in the Encyclopedia of Shanghai, pp. 50 ff. Archived 2013-03-02 at the Wayback Machine Shanghai Scientific & Technical Publishers (Shanghai), 2010. Hosted by the Municipality of Shanghai.
  2. ^ Actually named for Chongming, an early settlement on the former island of Xisha that was named for its placement on relatively high and clear ground.[1]
  3. ^ a b Li, Jack. "Chongming Island" Archived 2015-01-18 at the Wayback Machine. China Travel Depot, 17 August 2011. Accessed 18 Jan 2015.
  4. Eastern Jin dynasty. It first took the name Suiming—"furtive and bright"—before receiving a more dignified name as it stabilized during the Tang dynasty.[3]
  5. ^ a b c d e f g "Chongming Island" in the Encyclopedia of Shanghai, p. 52. Archived 2013-03-02 at the Wayback Machine
  6. ^ a b c Walker, Kathy Le Mons. "The View from the Periphery: Tongzhou and the Northern Delta" in Chinese Modernity and the Peasant Path: Semicolonialism in the Northern Yangzi Delta, pp. 52 ff. Stanford University Press (Stanford), 1999.
  7. Cambridge
    ), 2004.
  8. ISBN 0199275939
    .
  9. ^ a b Office of Shanghai Chronicles. 岛、沙 ["Dǎo, Shā", "Islands and Shoals"]. Shanghai Municipal Government (Shanghai), 2015. Accessed 12 Jan 2015. (in Chinese)
  10. ^ Montlake, Simon. "In China, Overambition Reins in Eco-City Plans" in The Christian Science Monitor. 23 Dec 2008. Accessed 10 Jan 2015.
  11. ^ Fox, Jesse. "Dongtan, China's Flagship Ecocity Project, R.I.P." Treehugger, 5 Jan 2009. Accessed 10 Jan 2015.
  12. ^ Waldmeir, Patti. "China migration: Children of a revolution." Financial Times. December 27, 2015. Retrieved on December 29, 2015. "Her nine-year-old son, Zhou Nijun, was born in her rural village on Chongming Island, two hours from Shanghai."
  13. ^ "海永简介 [Hǎiyǒng Jiǎnjiè, "Haiyong Summary"]" (in Chinese). Haiyong People's Government. Archived from the original on 24 February 2015. Retrieved 23 February 2015.
  14. ^ Jian Y.. 2015. Work starts on cleaner water for city suburbs. Shanghai Daily. Retrieved on July 25, 2017
  15. ^ Jian Y.. 2017. Songjiang water so much cleaner. Shanghai Daily. Retrieved on July 25, 2017
  16. ^ Meiping Y.. 2017. Scientists find rare finless porpoise pod. The Shanghai Daily. Retrieved on July 25, 2017
  17. ^ "Chongming Shanghai". www.shanghaitourmap.com. Retrieved 2014-10-19.
  18. ^ a b "Shanghai Chongming Industrial Zone". Shanghai Municipal Government, 2015.
  19. ^ Jiang Xinhua. "Chongming Festival Helps Tourists Get Back to Nature" in the Shanghai Daily. 28 Sept 2013. Accessed 10 Jan 2015.
  20. ^ a b Kaushik "Cricket Fighting Contests in China". Amusing Planet, 9 Nov 2011. Accessed 11 Jan 2015.
  21. ^ "Chóngmíng Huándǎo Sài Guānwǎng" 崇明环岛赛官网 [Tour of Chongming Island]. Chóngmíng Xiàn Tǐyù Jú 崇明县体育局 [Chongming County Sports Authority] (in Chinese). 2014. Archived from the original on 19 December 2014. Retrieved 23 February 2015.
  22. ^ 崇明县概况地图 [Overview and map of Chongming County]. XZQH (in Chinese). Retrieved 23 February 2015.

External links

31°40′N 121°30′E / 31.667°N 121.500°E / 31.667; 121.500 (Chongming Island)

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