Densovirinae

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Densovirinae
Virus classification Edit this classification
(unranked): Virus
Realm: Monodnaviria
Kingdom: Shotokuvirae
Phylum: Cossaviricota
Class: Quintoviricetes
Order: Piccovirales
Family: Parvoviridae
Subfamily: Densovirinae
Genera

See text

Densovirinae

Echinodermata.[3]

Virology

Densoviruses are small (18–26 nanometers in diameter) and non enveloped. Virions are icosahedral in shape with triangulation number (T) = 1. There are 60 copies of the coat protein in the virion. Each copy has a shape described as a "quadrilateral 'kite-shaped' wedge", and the appearance of the surface is rough with many small projections. Virions do not appear to contain lipids.[5][6]

Genomes are non-segmented, about 4–6 kilobases in length and usually contain two or three open reading frames. The 5' open reading frame encodes two nonstructural proteins (NS-1 and NS-2) and the 3' open reading frame encodes two or three capsid proteins (VP1, VP2, VP3). Both the 5' and 3' termini have hairpin loops. If a third open reading frame is present (depends on the genus) it encodes a second non structural protein. The genome is ambisense, encoding proteins on both the positive sense and negative sense directions. Transcriptional regulation and post-transcriptional modification are used to produce different nonstructural proteins and structural proteins.[7][8][9][6]

Virions enter the host cell is achieved by attachment to host receptors, which may be mediated by

transcription. The genome is replicated by a unique rolling hairpin mechanism. DNA-templated transcription, with some alternative splicing mechanism is the manner of transcription.[3][10]

Taxonomy

Eleven genera are currently recognized, containing a combined 21 species:[4]

Ambidensovirus was previously recognized as a genus, but in 2019 it was split into the six genera prefixed with Aqu-, Blatt-, Hemi-, Pefu-, Proto-, and Scindo-.[12]

References

  1. ^ "Subfamily: Densovirinae". ICTV Report on Virus Taxonomy (10th Report). ICTV. Retrieved 13 May 2020.[dead link]
  2. PMID 30672729
    .
  3. ^ a b c "ICTV 10th Report (2018) Parvoviridae".
  4. ^ a b "Virus Taxonomy: 2020 Release". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). March 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.
  5. ^ "Densovirinae". ICTVdB—The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Retrieved 12 May 2020.
  6. ^
    PMID 9817847
    .
  7. PMID 23929483
    .
  8. PMID 1413502
    .
  9. PMID 15769470
    .
  10. ^ a b "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 12 May 2020.
  11. PMID 24027326
    .
  12. ^ "ICTV Taxonomy history: Ambidensovirus". talk.ictvonline.org. International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Retrieved 12 May 2020.
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