Destroyer tender
A destroyer tender or destroyer depot ship is a type of depot ship: an auxiliary ship designed to provide maintenance support to a flotilla of destroyers or other small warships. The use of this class has faded from its peak in the first half of the 20th century as the roles and weaponry of small combatants have evolved (in conjunction with technological advances in propulsion reliability and efficiency).
Background
As the
The earliest torpedo boat destroyers were small, to maximize maneuverability, and powered by large steam engines, to maximize speed to intercept enemy torpedo boats before they could get close to the battleships.
Evolution
When the
Destroyer displacement had increased to 1,000 tons by
Each increment of size enabled destroyers to carry more of the personnel and equipment previously found on the tender. Destroyers reached the size of cruisers during the Cold War, and with that size acquired a cruiser's capability for independent action. Surviving tenders became functionally indistinguishable from repair ships.[7]
Some destroyer tenders were designed and built to attend a flotilla of destroyers, while others were converted from ships built for other purposes. Tabled below is a comparison of ships designed as destroyer tenders:
Name | Date | Number | Nation | Displacement | Speed | Crew |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
USS Melville[8] | 1915 | 1 | US | 5,250 tons | 15 knots | 600 |
HMS Greenwich[9] | 1915 | 1 | UK | 8,100 tons | 11 knots | 224 |
Altair class | 1918 | 3 | US | 6.250 tons | 10.5 knots | 481 |
Dobbin class[8]
|
1921 | 2 | US | 8,325 tons | 16 knots | 600 |
Dixie class[8] | 1939 | 5 | US | 9,450 tons | 19 knots | 1,262 |
Hamul class | 1940 | 2 | US | 8,560 tons | 17 knots | 857 |
Hecla class[10] | 1940 | 2 | UK | 10,850 tons | 17 knots | 818 |
Klondike class[8] | 1944 | 4 | US | 8,560 tons | 18 knots | 860 |
Shenandoah class | 1944 | 6 | US | 11,755 tons | 18 knots | 1,035 |
Samuel Gompers class[11] | 1966 | 2 | US | 21,000 tons | 18 knots | 1,803 |
Yellowstone class[7] | 1979 | 4 | US | 20,224 tons | 18 knots | 1,595 |
See also
Notes
- ^ a b Potter & Nimitz, p.335
- ^ a b Potter & Nimitz p.640
- ^ Lenton & Colledge, p.333
- ^ Fahey, p.39
- ^ Silverstone, pp.103&135
- ^ "USS Dixie's 40th Anniversary Cruise Book, page 24". Unofficial US Navy Site. USS Dixie. Retrieved 27 March 2014.
- ^ a b Cooney, pp.6&13
- ^ a b c d Silverstone, pp.283&285
- ^ Lenton & Colledge, p.336
- ^ Lenton & Colledge, p.338
- ^ Blackman, p.524
Sources
- Blackman, Raymond V.B. (1970–1971). Jane's Fighting Ships. London: Jane's Yearbooks.
- Cooney, David M. (1980). Ships, Aircraft and Weapons of the United States Navy. Washington, D.C.: United States Government Printing Office.
- ISBN 0-87021-634-1.
- Lenton, H.T.; Colledge, J.J. (1964). British and Dominion Warships of World War II. Garden City, New York: Doubleday & Company.
- Potter, E.B.; Nimitz, Chester W. (1960). Sea Power. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall.
- Silverstone, Paul H. (1968). U.S. Warships of World War II. Garden City, New York: Doubleday & Company.