Deutsches Wörterbuch
ISBN 978-3423590457 | |
The Deutsches Wörterbuch (German:
The Deutsches Wörterbuch was begun by the Brothers Grimm in 1838 and the initial volumes were published in 1854. Unfinished at the time of their deaths, the dictionary was finally completed by a succession of later scholars and institutions in 1961.[1] In 1971, a 33rd supplement volume was published containing 25,000 additional entries. New research projects began in 2004 to expand and update the oldest parts of the dictionary to modern academic standards. Volumes A–F were planned for completion in 2012 by the Language Research Centre at the Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities[4] and the University of Göttingen.[2]
History
Beginnings
Beginning in 1830,
The Grimms (1838–1863)
By October 1838, the Brothers had a contract with Weidmann's and the prestigious Leipzig journal
The first edition of the DWB exceeded the expectations of the brothers and the publishers. The press called it a "great national work" and its first shipments sold 10,000 copies. As it included words regarded as "indelicate," Jacob anticipated criticism of this and stated the following in the Foreword:
- "This dictionary is not an immoral book, but a scientific undertaking. Even the Bible does not lack for words that are frowned upon in fine society."
- - Jacob Grimm, Vorwort 1. Band, S. XXXIV , Leipzig 1854
More volumes and updates were planned, but in their lifetime the brothers could only fully complete portions: Wilhelm Grimm wrote the articles to the letter D and died in 1859; Jacob, who was able to fully complete the letters A, B, C and E, died in 1863 while working on the entry for "Frucht" (fruit).[7]
Post-Grimm era (1863–1907)
After the deaths of the Grimm Brothers, successive linguists continued the work. The first of these were close associates of the brothers,
Academy of Sciences (1908–1961)
The prestigious
Later versions
Planning for a second edition had already begun in 1957, four years before the first edition was finished. The revision was intended especially to bring the oldest part of the Dictionary, the letters A-F originally authored by the
Digital edition
In 2004 the Competence Center for Electronic Text Processing and Publication in the Humanities at the University of Trier digitized the entire 300 million printed characters according to the method of double entry. The entire body was manually entered twice in China to eliminate error.[9] A set of CD-ROMs of this digitization was released for Microsoft Windows, Linux and Mac OS. In this version spelling errors in the original were corrected. An online version of the first edition is also available at the University of Trier.[3] The digitized first edition of the DWB met with lively interest. Every day the online version receives tens of thousands of hits and the CD-ROM of the first edition is now in its fourth updated distribution.[10]
New edition
In 2006 the unfinished project to revise and update the A-F volumes to modern academic standards was resumed. The conclusion of this work (the B and C volumes) was finished in 2016;[11] fascicles are appearing with the S. Hirzel Verlag [12] as they are completed.
However, the Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities[13] announced that no revision of the volumes G to Z is planned. According to the Academic Director of the Berlin-Brandenburg Academy, Wolf-Hagen Krauth, the sheer labor that would be required exceeds the possibilities for funding it in today's world.[14]
See also
- List of German dictionaries
- Duden, a Standard German dictionary of the 1880s and the prescriptive source of German spelling
- Österreichisches Wörterbuch, the official Austrian Standard German dictionary
- Die Brüder Grimm: Pioniere deutscher Sprachkultur des 21. Jahrhunderts. Herausgegeben von Jochen Bär ... [et al.]; [Texte und Redaktion: Bernhard Roll, Andrea Rocha-Lieder]. ISBN 9783577003056
References
- ^ a b Synopsis of the Deutsches Wörterbuch Archived 2016-08-12 at the Wayback Machine (in English) at the Language Research Centre, Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities, retrieved 27 June 2012.
- ^ a b Clifford Wunderlich: Deutsches Wörterbuch von Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm Archived 2014-07-02 at archive.today, Andover-Harvard Theological Library, Harvard University Divinity School, April 2012. (in English) retrieved 27 June 2012.
- ^ a b c Thomas Schares: Untersuchungen zu Anzahl, Umfang und Struktur der Artikel der Erstbearbeitung des Deutschen Wörterbuchs von Jacob Grimm und Wilhelm Grimm, Trier: Universität Trier, 2006, p. 41-42 Abstract in English Full article in German, retrieved 27 June 2012.
- ^ a b Das DWB Archived 2012-07-12 at the Wayback Machine at the Deutsches Wörterbuch research project website (in German), retrieved 27 June 2012.
- ISBN 978-0-19-860115-9. pp. 218–219
- ^ a b c "150 Jahre Deutsches Wörterbuch der Brüder Grimm". 150-grimm.bbaw.de. Retrieved 2015-08-16.
- ^ [1] Archived October 1, 2010, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "150 Jahre Deutsches Wörterbuch der Brüder Grimm". 150-grimm.bbaw.de. Retrieved 2015-08-16.
- ^ "China sei Dank: Grimm-Wörterbuch auch digital verfügbar". Der Standard. 10 August 2004. Retrieved 12 January 2019.
- ^ [2] Archived April 28, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Deutsches Wörterbuch von Jacob Grimm und Wilhelm Grimm". Göttingen Academy of Sciences and Humanities. Archived from the original on 2017-08-28. Retrieved 2018-11-04.
- ^ "Hirzel: Brüder Grimm". Hirzel.de. Retrieved 2015-08-16.
- ^ "Project Type — Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities". Bbaw.de. Archived from the original on 2018-09-30. Retrieved 2015-08-16.
- ^ Heine, Matthias (2011-11-23). "Deutsches Denkmal: Es war einmal das Wörterbuch der Grimms - DIE WELT". Die Welt. Welt.de. Retrieved 2015-08-16.