Deville process

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The Deville process was the first industrial process used to produce

.

The Frenchman

process. It is based on the extraction of alumina with sodium carbonate.

The first stage is the calcination of the bauxite at 1200 °C with sodium carbonate and coke. The alumina is converted in sodium aluminate. Iron oxide remains unchanged and silica forms a polysilicate.

In the second stage

, leaving a solution of sodium carbonate. The latter can be recovered and reused in the first stage.

The aluminium hydroxide is

to produce alumina.

The process was used in France at Salindres until 1923 and in Germany and Great Britain until the outbreak of the Second World War.^[1]

It has now been replaced by the Bayer process.

Further reading

• Wisniak, Jaime (2004). "Henri Étienne Sainte-Claire Deville: A Physician Turned Metallurgist".
  doi:10.1361/10599490418271
  .
• Oesper, R. E.; Lemay, P. (1950). "Henri Sainte-Claire Deville, 1818-1881". Chymia. 3: 205–221.
  JSTOR 27757153
  .
• McNeil, Ian (2002-06-01). Encyclopaedia of the History of Technology. Routledge. p. 103.
  ISBN 9780203192115
  .
• Jahresbericht uber die Fortschritte der chemischen Technologie fur Fabrikanten Hutten und Forsleute, Cameralisten, Chemiker und Pharmaceuten. 1856. p. 5.
• Banks, Alton (1990). "Sodium".
  doi:10.1021/ed067p1046
  .
• Hartmann, Gérard. "L'aluminium historique" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-04-29. Retrieved 2012-04-10.

See also

• Bayer process
• History of aluminium
• Orbite process

References

1. ^ G.A. Baudart (January 1955). "Histoire française de l'alumine". Revue de l'aluminium. 217: 35.

Translated from the French Wikipedia article "Extraction de l'alumine".