Dual module

In mathematics, the dual module of a left (respectively right) module M over a ring R is the set of left (respectively right) R-module homomorphisms from M to R with the pointwise right (respectively left) module structure.^[1][2] The dual module is typically denoted M^∗ or Hom_R(M, R).

If the base ring R is a

Every module has a

.

Example: If ${\displaystyle G=\operatorname {Spec} (A)}$ is a finite commutative

Cartier dual

${\displaystyle G^{D}}$ is the Spec of the dual R-module of A.

References

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