Eduard Benedek Brunschweiler

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Righteous
Among the Nations
By country

Eduard Benedek Brunschweiler (1910–1987) was a

Second World War
.

In early 1944, Archabbot Kelemen Krizosztom wrote to the Committee with a proposal that the Archabbey, situated in North-Western

Soviet Red Army and the German forces
.

In October 1944, Born appointed Brunschweiler, a Swiss national who had been living in Budapest, to take charge of the operation, on behalf of the ICRC. Brunschweiler managed to arrange a meeting with the German Reich plenipotentiary for Hungary, Edmund Veesenmayer, concerning arrangements for the shelter of the refugees there. According to Arieh Ben-Tov's research, Veesemeyer accepted that Jewish children would be sheltered in the archabbey but insisted that the percentage of Jewish refugees should not exceed those of half-Jewish refugees (Arieh Ben-Tov, p333)[1].

At the time, those

extermination camps were being force-marched West ahead of the Soviet advances and many died on these journeys. Born's instructions to Brunschweiler were that children who had lost their parents or otherwise needed protection could be given shelter but 'political figures', men and boys over the age of 14 were not to be accepted. In fact, the monks in Pannonhalma turned a blind eye to many of these restrictions [2][permanent dead link
].

As the Red Army approached Pannonhalma, the refugee population grew to about 3000 people. Following the defeat of the defensive forces around the abbey in April 1945, the Red Army took control of the area and Brunschweiler and the ICRC were expelled from the Abbey.

In 2001, a Hungarian director, Szilveszter Siklósi, made a documentary about this episode entitled "My castle, my shelter"[3] ("Menedéket adó váram" in Hungarian). On 17 October 2006 a memorial plaque to Brunschweiler was unveiled at the Archabbey [4]. On 31 March 2009 the Israeli ambassador to Hungary presented an award to the present arch-abbot of the Abbey, posthumously recognizing Brunschweiler as

Righteous among the Nations for his actions in sheltering the refugees [1][5] Archived 2012-05-09 at the Wayback Machine
.

References

  1. Holocaust, at Yad Vashem
    website

External links

  • Budapest Sun article 19 October 2006. [6]. Retrieved 5 October 2007.
  • Press release from Ministry of Education and Culture, Hungarian Government, 16 October 2006 [7]
  • ISBN 90-247-3764-8
  • Hoover, Jennifer, Refuge at Pannonhalma: Rescue and Relief Efforts at a Hungarian Monastery in 1944, MONITOR Journal of International Studies, Volume 12, Number 2, Spring 2007, The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, USA. [8]
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