Encapsulation (networking)
Encapsulation is the computer-networking process of concatenating layer-specific headers or trailers with a service data unit (i.e. a payload) for transmitting information over computer networks.[2][3][4] Deencapsulation (or de-encapsulation) is the reverse computer-networking process for receiving information; it removes from the protocol data unit (PDU) a previously concatenated header or tailer that an underlying communications layer transmitted.[3][5][4]
Encapsulation and deencapsulation allow the design of modular
The
For example, in the
The result of encapsulation is that each lower-layer provides a service to the layer or layers above it, while at the same time each layer communicates with its corresponding layer on the receiving node. These are known as adjacent-layer interaction and same-layer interaction, respectively.[8]
In discussions of encapsulation, the more abstract layer is often called the upper-layer protocol while the more specific layer is called the lower-layer protocol. Sometimes, however, the terms upper-layer protocols and lower-layer protocols are used to describe the layers above and below IP.[7]
See also
References
- ISBN 978-0073376042.
- ^ ISBN 978-1-59749-961-3.
- ^ ISBN 978-1-58714-385-4.
- ^ ISBN 978-0443187353.
- .
- ^ Raman, D., Sutter, B. D., Coppens, B., Volckaert, S., Bosschere, K. D., Danhieux, P., & Buggenhout, E. V. (2012, November). DNS tunneling for network penetration. In International Conference on Information Security and Cryptology (pp. 65-77). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.
- ^ a b "How Encapsulation Works Within the TCP/IP Model". learn-networking.com. 2008-01-27. Archived from the original on 2012-08-07. Retrieved 2013-11-22.
- ^ ISBN 978-1-58714-385-4.
External links
- RFC 1983: Internet Users' Glossary (contains an entry for encapsulation)