Exchange Place station (Pennsylvania Railroad)

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Coordinates: 40°42′59″N 74°01′57″W / 40.71648°N 74.03238°W / 40.71648; -74.03238
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Jersey City
sketch of vast station building and feryy operation
Pennsylvania Railroad's Jersey City Station, 1893
General information
Coordinates40°42′59″N 74°01′57″W / 40.71648°N 74.03238°W / 40.71648; -74.03238
Operated byPennsylvania Railroad (PRR)
ConnectionsUS Passenger rail transport ferry/water interchange
History
Opened1834 (1834)
Closed1961 (1961)
Former services
Preceding station Pennsylvania Railroad Following station
Terminus Jersey City Ferry Cortlandt Street
Terminus
Manhattan Transfer
Until 1937
toward Chicago
 Main Line Terminus
Marion
toward New Brunswick
 New Brunswick Line
Preceding station Lehigh Valley Railroad Following station
Buffalo
 Main Line
Until 1913
 Terminus

The Pennsylvania Railroad Station was the

Upper New York Bay in Jersey City, New Jersey. By the 1920s the station was called Exchange Place. The rail terminal and its ferry slips were the main New York City station for the railroad until the opening in 1910 of New York Pennsylvania Station, made possible by the construction of the North River Tunnels
. It was one of the busiest stations in the world for much of the 19th century.

The terminal was on

Harborside Financial Center
was built upon part of the old site.

The station was one of five passenger railroad terminals on the western shore of the Hudson River during the 19th and 20th centuries, the others being Weehawken, Hoboken, Pavonia, and Communipaw, with Hoboken being the only station still in use.

The PRR referred to the location simply as "Jersey City," and if necessary to distinguish it from other railroads' terminals, as the Pennsylvania station.

History

class=notpageimage|
Map of the five train-to-ferry transfer points along the west shore of the Hudson River circa 1900
This template:

As early as July 1764

Newark to Paulus Hook, then part of the newly incorporated City of Jersey, in 1834.[4] The PRR acquired the railroad in 1871 and replaced the terminal in 1876 and yet again in 1888-1892.[5] Competition along the Northeast Corridor between New York City, Philadelphia, Baltimore and Washington, principally between the PRR and Baltimore and Ohio Railroad
, was fierce. These railroads both used terminals in Jersey City, there being no tunnels or bridges to Manhattan, and for much of the 19th century, Exchange Place was one of the busiest rail stations in the world.

At Exchange Place passengers could move between the trains and ferries without going outside, and crossed the river on the

Desbrosses St.[6]

In the 1870s the PRR began exploring ways to reach New York directly (see New York Tunnel Extension). A number of realignments produced a straighter track, with the final realignment, a new passenger line from Harrison to east of the new bridge (now the PATH Lift Bridge) over the Hackensack River, opening in 1900.[7] (The old freight line still exists as part of the Passaic and Harsimus Line.)

In 1910 the PRR opened

Port Authority Trans Hudson or PATH), began running over the PRR line west of Waldo Yard, connecting with the new Manhattan Transfer station at Harrison.[8] The Lehigh Valley Railroad, which had operated its Black Diamond train from Buffalo, New York since 1896, ended service to Exchange Place in 1913.[9] Ferry service at Exchange Place ended in 1949. The last PRR passenger train used the branch on November 17, 1961.[10][11] The PATH continues to use the line through Bergen Hill to the Journal Square Transportation Center and onward to Newark Penn Station
.

The Exchange Place terminal fell into disuse.

Paulus Hook Ferry Terminal
. The trestle carrying PRR tracks above what is now Christopher Columbus Drive between Exchange Place and Waldo Yard was removed.

  • View from the Hudson, 1920s
    View from the Hudson, 1920s
  • PRR route to the terminal
    PRR route to the terminal
  • The interior of the station's train house
    The interior of the station's train house
  • The original Hudson and Manhattan Railroad plan. Local usage eventually led both the terminal and the H&M station to be known as Exchange Place
    The original
    Exchange Place
  • Elevated trestle along ROW met embankment at Waldo Yard
    Elevated trestle along ROW met embankment at Waldo Yard

See also

References

  1. ^ History of the County of Hudson, New Jersey: From Its Earliest Settlement to the Present Time, Charles Hardenburg Winfield, pg. 243-246, Kennard & Hay Stationery M'fg and Print. Company, 1874
  2. ^ Railroad Ferries of the Hudson: And Stories of a Deckhand, by, Raymond J. Baxter, Arthur G. Adams, pg. 64 ,1999, Fordham University Press, 978-0823219544
  3. ^ Cudahy, Brian J. (1990). Over and Back: The History of Ferryboats in New York Harbor. New York: Fordham University Press. pp. 20–24, 360, 362.
    ISBN 0-8232-1245-9
    .
  4. ^ "PRR Chronology, 1834." June 2004 Edition.
  5. ISBN 978-0-226-11460-6
    .
  6. ISBN 0-8232-1245-9
    .
  7. ^ "PRR Chronology, 1900." March 2005 Edition.
  8. ^ "PRR Chronology, 1911." March 2005 Edition.
  9. ^ "The 'Black Diamond' on the Lehigh". Railway and Locomotive Engineering. 20 (12). New York: Angus Sinclair Co.: 525 1907.
  10. ^ "PRR Chronology, 1961." June 2004 Edition.
  11. ^ "JERSEY CITY DEPOT CLOSED BY PENNSY; Trains to Exchange Plac Will Now Come Here". The New York Times. November 18, 1961. Retrieved May 26, 2018.
  12. OCLC 911046235
  13. ^ "PRR Chronology, 1963." June 2004 Edition.

External links

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