Fahai (character)
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| Fahai | |
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Song China |
Fahai (
In the Ming-dynasty version of the legend, contained in Stories to Caution the World (1624) compiled by Feng Menglong, Fahai is depicted positively as a righteous and heroic demon-slayer, and Xu Xuan (Xu Xian's earlier version) even becomes his disciple. However, as audiences increasingly empathized with the devoted wife Bai Suzhen, Fahai's characterization turned more and more negative especially in the 20th century with the movements of free love, environmentalism, feminism, and secularism. Today, Fahai is commonly perceived as a religious zealot and a heartless, narrow-minded hypocrite who wrecks families under the guise of compassion and righteousness, and casting Buddhist monks in bad lights.
References
- Lisak, Robert Matthew (2020). Rebirth of Leifeng Pagoda — Hangzhou, China (PDF) (Thesis). The University of Arizona.
- He, Xiyao (2019). "Social and Political Criticisms Embedded in Chinese Myths and Legends". Folklore: Electronic Journal of Folklore. 75: 109–133. S2CID 195742928.
- Lai, Whalen (1992). "From Folklore to Literate Theater: Unpacking 'Madame White Snake'". Asian Folklore Studies. 51 (1): 51–66. JSTOR 1178421.
- Ng, Kenny Kwok-Kwan (2019). "The Eternal Return of Mythology: The White (Green) Snake Legend in Maoist China and Colonial Hong Kong". Chinese Shock of the Anthropocene. pp. 83–107. )
- Emerson, Lindsay (2020). "The Legend of the Lady White Snake; An Analysis of Daoist, Buddhist and Confucian Themes" (PDF). Hohonu. 18.
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