Falkenstein Castle (Höllental)
Falkenstein Castle | |
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Burg Falkenstein | |
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Falkenstein Castle (
History
The castle may have been built around 1200
After the toll road, which had brought the Falkensteins substantial revenue, met with competition from the route through the
Affected by the economic decline of the low nobility in the late 14th century, it was probably financial pressure that drove the Falkensteins to extend this approach to innocent travellers. This behaviour was the reason that, on 6 December 1388, Freiburg attacked and destroyed Falkenstein Castle.[4] Other historians blame its destruction, however, on Freiburg's hunger for power. The castle chapel apparently survived the demise of the castle. In 1460, it is first mentioned as St. Nicholas' Chapel. In 1606 it was moved into the valley by the Höllenbach stream, today known as the Rotbach.
Description
The irregular and very inaccessible castle site rises through four levels. For simplicity, it will be described under four sections. First, is the
Second, there is an adjoining neck ditch, about 20 metres long, 4 to 6 metres wide and up to 12 metres deep (D), cutting through the ridge to the northeast.
Third, is a small middle ward (Mittelburg, B) on a roughly six-metre-high rock step rising above the lower ward - which lies to its west and north - on the upper part of the castle rock, and extending northeast to a point above the neck ditch.
Fourth, is the
References
- ^ Estimate based on a comprehensive literature search by the Freiburg Monument Preservation Authority (Denkmalpflege Freiburg). This gives the latest construction date for the castle as 1230. The aristocratic surname "von Falkenstein" could however also indicate an earlier construction date of around 1150, like St. Oswald's Chapel in the upper Höllental, which was consecrated in 1148. However, to date there are no absolutely reliable sources for such a view.
- ^ Bernhard Mangei, Herrschaftsbildung von Königtum. Kirche, Adel zwischen Oberrhein und Schwarzwald, Dissertation - Albert Ludwig University, Freiburg, 2003, p.164
- Rotulus Sanpetrinus, Stuttgart, 2011, p. 45
- ^ Heinrich Schreiber, Urkundenbuch der Stadt Freiburg im Breisgau, Freiburg 1829, Vol. 2, pp.59 -82
Literature
- Max Miller: Handbuch der Historischen Stätten Deutschlands, Bd. 6: Baden-Württemberg, Stuttgart, 1965.
- H. Mayer: Falkenstein und die Falkensteiner, in: Breisgauer Chronik 6, 1914.
- Alfons Zettler, Thomas Zotz: Die Burgen im mittelalterlichen Breisgau. Halbband 1. A - K. Nördlicher Teil. Ostfildern. In. Archäologie und Geschichte. Freiburger Forschungen zum ersten Jahrtausend in Südwestdeutschland, Heft 14. Jan Thorbecke Verlag, Sigmaringen, 2003, ISBN 3-7995-7364-X, pp. 57–62.
- Arthur Hauptmann: Burgen einst und jetzt. Burgen und Burgruinen in Südbaden. Verlag des Südkuriers, 2nd vol., Konstanz, 1984.
External links
- Burg Falkenstein auf alemannischen-seiten.de
- Entry on Burg Falkenstein im Höllental in European Castles Institute
- Artist's impression by Wolfgang Braun