Fatos Nano
Fatos Nano | |
---|---|
Prime Minister of Albania | |
In office 31 July 2002 – 10 September 2005 | |
President | Alfred Moisiu |
Preceded by | Pandeli Majko |
Succeeded by | Sali Berisha |
In office 25 July 1997 – 28 September 1998 | |
President | Rexhep Meidani |
Preceded by | Bashkim Fino |
Succeeded by | Pandeli Majko |
In office 22 February 1991 – 5 June 1991 | |
President | Ramiz Alia |
Preceded by | Adil Çarçani |
Succeeded by | Ylli Bufi |
Personal details | |
Born | Fatos Thanas Nano 16 September 1952 Tirana, Albania |
Political party | Socialist Party |
Spouse(s) | Rexhina Nano (1976–2001) Xhoana Nano (2002–present) |
Children |
|
Alma mater | University of Tirana |
Signature | |
Fatos Thanas Nano (
Personal history
Fatos Nano was born in
Early political career
He began his political career in December 1990, where he was first appointed as Secretary General of the Council of Ministers.
Imprisonment
After the
Since the rejection of the revised Albanian Constitution during the 1994 Referendum,
In 1996, Nano wrote a letter the 2nd Congress of the Party (Keshilli i Pergjithshem Drejtues), held on July–August 1996, to initiate a
In 1997, the collapse of
Second and third premierships
The parliamentary elections of 29 June 1997 were an overwhelming victory for the Socialist Party of Albania.[34] Nano was appointed prime minister by President Rexhep Meidani. The goal of Nano and the socialist government was to rebuild the ruined country, strengthen its economy and reconcile its people divided by political beliefs, but this was almost impossible with the destructive opposition led by former President Berisha. A coup d'état was attempted on 14 September 1998 by the leadership and the radical followers of the Democratic Party of Albania during the funeral of Azem Hajdari with the goal of taking power by force and murdering Nano.[35][36] To avoid his murder by the angry mob, Nano decided to flee to the government residence in Pogradec.[37] In the 1990s, Greece preferred and assisted Fatos Nano as Albanian leader due to him being Orthodox over Sali Berisha, a Muslim, as Nano was seen as being friendlier to Greek interests.[38] The government of Fatos Nano was viewed by Turkey as having a pro-Greek orientation and expressed some dissatisfaction though during that time still maintained close military relations with Albania in rebuilding its armed forces and a military base.[39] During 1998 Albania's Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) membership was suspended and temporarily withdrawn by prime-minister Fatos Nano who viewed it as inhibiting Albania's European aspirations.[40][41][42][43] On 28 September 1998 Nano chose to resign and retired from political life.[34][44][35][36]
After the Socialist Party won for the second time, in the parliamentary elections on 24 June 2001,[34] Nano returned to politics again after 2 years of inactivity by starting the movement called Catharsis, with the goal to cripple the agreement between Rama and Meta to share the political power between them for the next 10 years.[45][46][47]
In early 2002, Nano unsuccessfully tried to run for President of Albania, but on 25 July 2002 he was appointed by newly elected president Alfred Moisiu as prime minister for the third time. Just days after retaking office in August 2002, Nano came under attack by leading Italian weekly L'Espresso, which accused him of having ties to international organized-crime groups, and having been involved in a cigarette-smuggling ring with Naples-based mobsters.[48] Nano sued the magazine in a court in Rome which ruled in favor of Nano. The court found the article to contain untrue information and speculations with the purpose of harming Nano during his term in office. The news magazine was ordered to pay Nano €3 million euros, and sentenced the magazine's director Daniela Hamaoi and the authors of the article Claudio Papayani, Dina Nasecti and Giuseppe Roli with 18 months in jail for groundlessly connecting Nano to the crime and mafia in Albania.[49][50][51][52]
In the winter of 2004, a number of protests with over 20,000 people were organized by the opposition led by Sali Berisha demanding Nano to resign as prime minister which came known as the "Nano Go Away" Movement.[53] In 2004, the civil society group Mjaft! protested in front of Nano's office against the alleged import of waste from Italy to Albania.[54]
Resignation
On 3 July 2005 the Socialist Party lost the elections and its majority in parliament.[34] Nano resigned as prime minister and also as the chairman of Socialist Party on 1 September 2005.[34] Since then, he retired from public and political life. He rarely appears for interviews in some political talk shows.[37][55][56][45]
After 2005, Nano did not attend parliament regularly but only came in a 6-month interval to claim his monthly pay cheque.[57]
Presidential candidacy
In early 2007, Nano met with Sali Berisha to counter appeals from the Socialist Party to boycott the 2007 local government elections which would have triggered untimely parliamentary elections. Nano was elected candidate for President in the Presidential Elections of 2007 by the request of 20 Socialist MPs.[58] Most members of the opposition coalition led by the Socialist Party did not support him, however, and choose to boycott this Presidential Election. Nano received only three votes, while Bamir Topi of the Democratic Party won 75 votes. Topi did not receive enough votes to be elected, however.[59][60] The second round of voting was held on 10 July. However, the parliament still failed to elect a president, with Nano getting five votes and Topi receiving 74. Continued failure to elect a president would have resulted in an early parliamentary election,[61] but on 20 July Topi was elected.[62] In late August, it appeared likely Nano would found a new political party.[63][64] Nano tried again to run for Presidency in 2012, but he did not even qualify for candidate, because the leaders parties in Parliament obstructed their respective MPs to elect him as candidate.
New movement inside Socialist Party
After the election of President of Albania in June 2012, Nano formed a movement called "Nano Movement for the victory of socialist" with the goal of retaking the leadership of the Socialist Party. Nano's past unpopularity due to his backroom deals with the equally unpopular former Prime Minister Sali Berisha have tainted his credentials and Edi Rama's popular judicial, administrative and economical reforms ensure that the latter maintains his position as prime minister and leader of the Socialist Party in Albania.[65][66]
Bibliography
The early life of Nano is narrated by the only biographical book for him in the Albanian language "Të jetosh kohën", written by his ex-wife Rexhina Nano and published in early 2008).
Nano has a degree in political economy and a Ph.D. in economics from the University of Tirana.[69]
He has published three books:[70]
- Socialimperializmi sovjetik në ekonominë kapitaliste botërore (1987)
- Die Sowjetunion: ein kapitalistisches, imperialistisches Land (1988)
- Dosja Nano (1994)
Nano was elected as a member of parliament from the districts of Tirana in 1991, Kuçovë in 1992, Tepelenë in 1997 and 2001, and Sarandë in 2005. In 2012, he was elected Honorary Member by the Socialist Party.
See also
References
- ISBN 9781857431261.
- ^ "Të jetosh kohën", Rexhina Nano, page 108, Botimet DUDAJ, 2008.
- ^ "XX Congress of the Socialist International", New York, September 9–11, 1996.
- ^ "PES Associate Parties" Archived 2011-09-27 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Fatos Nano, interviste ne Top Story" Archived 2013-03-04 at the Wayback Machine, Sokol Balla, April 19, 2012.
- ^ "Takimi ne mbremje, Rama sot me Berishën: Nano, jo kandidat i PS" Archived 2012-06-08 at the Wayback Machine, Panorama, June 3, 2012.
- ^ "Të jetosh kohën", Rexhina Nano, page 14, Botimet DUDAJ, 2008
- ^ "Të jetosh kohën", Rexhina Nano, page 45, Botimet DUDAJ, 2008
- ^ "Të jetosh kohën", Rexhina Nano, page 59, Botimet DUDAJ, 2008
- ^ "Të jetosh kohën", Rexhina Nano, page 66, Botimet DUDAJ, 2008
- ^ a b c "Të jetosh kohën", Rexhina Nano, page 93, Botimet DUDAJ, 2008
- ^ a b c "Opinion" Archived 2012-04-30 at the Wayback Machine, with Blendi Fevziu, February 4, 2010.
- ^ "Të jetosh kohën", Rexhina Nano, page 101, Botimet DUDAJ, 2008
- ^ "Të jetosh kohën", Rexhina Nano, page 102-103, Botimet DUDAJ, 2008
- ^ "Të jetosh kohën", Rexhina Nano, page 108, Botimet DUDAJ, 2008
- ^ a b "Të jetosh kohën", Rexhina Nano, page 123, Botimet DUDAJ, 2008
- ^ "Albania under the Shadow of the Pyramids", Carlos Elbirt, 1997.
- ^ "Të jetosh kohën", Rexhina Nano, page 221, Botimet DUDAJ, 2008
- ^ "Të jetosh kohën", Rexhina Nano, page 147, Botimet DUDAJ, 2008
- ^ ISBN 978-0-415-13684-6.
- ^ "Të jetosh kohën", Rexhina Nano, page 149-158, Botimet DUDAJ, 2008
- ^ a b "Të jetosh kohën", Rexhina Nano, page 193, Botimet DUDAJ, 2008
- ^ "Të jetosh kohën", Rexhina Nano, page 175-176, Botimet DUDAJ, 2008
- ^ "Të jetosh kohën", Rexhina Nano, page 247, Botimet DUDAJ, 2008
- ^ "Të jetosh kohën", Rexhina Nano, page 312, Botimet DUDAJ, 2008
- ^ a b "Të jetosh kohën", Rexhina Nano, page 356, Botimet DUDAJ, 2008
- ^ a b "Të jetosh kohën", Rexhina Nano, page 408-409, Botimet DUDAJ, 2008
- ^ "Të jetosh kohën", Rexhina Nano, page 389-393, Botimet DUDAJ, 2008
- ^ "Të jetosh kohën", Rexhina Nano, page 390-392, Botimet DUDAJ, 2008
- ^ "Të jetosh kohën", Rexhina Nano, page 411-413, Botimet DUDAJ, 2008
- ^ "Anarchy of thugs menaces Albania", Jane Perlez (The New York Times), March 12, 1997.
- ^ "Të jetosh kohën", Rexhina Nano, page 430-432, Botimet DUDAJ, 2008
- ^ "Të jetosh kohën", Rexhina Nano, page 470, Botimet DUDAJ, 2008.
- ^ a b c d e "Qeveritë e formuara nga viti 1912 deri në 2005" Archived 2012-05-09 at the Wayback Machine, Keshilli i Ministrave
- ^ a b "Troubled September in Albania", AIM Press, September 19, 1998.
- ^ a b "Fatos Nano's address to nation", BBC News, September 15, 1998.
- ^ a b "Opinion" Archived 2012-04-30 at the Wayback Machine, with Blendi Fevziu, November 4, 2010.
- ISBN 9781903900789. pp. 80–81. "Greece's favorite candidate in these elections was clearly MR. Nano. As emerges from the interview material, he –unlike Berisha- was held in high esteem by the Greek side. It should not escape notice that Nano was by origin Orthodox Christian from Southern Albania, whereas Berisha was a northern Muslim... Greece's favour towards Nano was clearly demonstrated in June, when he was allowed to speak to a crowd of Albanian citizens at a pre-election rally in one of Athens' central squares. The police did not interfere and no arrests of illegal immigrants were made."
- . p. 90. "In a broader Balkan context, Turkey has always seen the Albanians as its natural allies in the Balkans. If the Greeks and Serbs have stood on one side of the scale, the Turks and the Albanians have stood on the other. Although some kind of dissatisfaction with Nano's government is felt in Ankara over what is seen in the Turkish capital as Tirana's pro-Greek orientation, Turkey continues to have close military ties with Tirana; indeed, it is playing an important role in the re-organization of the disintegrated Albanian army. Albania's most important military base, which was destroyed during the armed uprising last year, will be rebuilt by Turkey."
- ISBN 9781850654315. p. 164.
- ISBN 978-3-631-39416-8. pp. 14–24.
- ISBN 9780833040954. p. 233.
- ^ "Official website of the OIC". Retrieved 4 December 2020.
- ^ "Të jetosh kohën", Rexhina Nano, page 461-467, Botimet DUDAJ, 2008
- ^ a b "Opinion" Archived 2012-04-30 at the Wayback Machine, with Blendi Fevziu, September 24, 2009.
- ^ "Prapaskenat e rikthimit në politikë të Fatos Nanos", Elisabeta Dosku, Tirana Observer, October 20, 2010
- ^ "Apologjia e katarsisit", Andi Bushati, Revista Klan, May 13, 2012
- ^ "PM To Sue Italian Magazine Over Smuggling Allegations", Jeffrey Donovan and Alban Bala, August 09, 2002.
- ^ "Tre milionë euro nga kontesti gjyqësor për Nanon", Jeffrey Donovan and Alban Bala, August 09, 2002.
- ^ "Fatos Nano to buy hotels in Ohrid with compensation paid by weekly newspaper", FOCUS Information Agency, January 26, 2010
- ^ "Фатос Нано ќе добие три милиони евра отштета од италијански неделник" Archived 2015-06-21 at the Wayback Machine, Нова Македонија, January 21, 2010
- ^ "Nano: Fitova gjyqin me L'Espresso, burg gazetarëve" Archived 2015-06-21 at the Wayback Machine, Parajsa.com, Aristir Lumezi, January 23, 2010
- ^ "Thousands join Albania protests" BBC News, 21 February 2004
- ^ "Fatos Nano nuk e mban dot më në duar çadrën e tij" Archived 2012-05-06 at the Wayback Machine Shqiptarja.com, Andi Bushati, May 3, 2012
- ^ "Opinion" Archived 2012-04-30 at the Wayback Machine, with Blendi Fevziu, February 4, 2010.
- ^ "Opinion" Archived 2012-04-30 at the Wayback Machine, with Blendi Fevziu, February 11, 2010.
- ^ "Nano dieta nga Kuvendi pa shkuar ne asnje seance"[permanent dead link] Gazeta Shqiptare, 19 March 2009
- ^ "Constitution of Albania" Archived 2011-11-26 at the Wayback Machine, Compulsory condition by the article 87 of the Constitution.
- ^ "Albanian parliament set to vote for new president", Associated Press (International Herald Tribune), July 8, 2007.
- ^ "Albania edges toward elections after presidential vote fails", Associated Press (International Herald Tribune), July 9, 2007.
- ^ "Standoff in Parliamentary Ballot to Pick New Albanian President" Archived 2007-07-13 at the Wayback Machine, birn.eu.com, July 11, 2007.
- ^ "Albania's new president Bamir Topi sworn in", Associated Press (International Herald Tribune), July 24, 2007.
- ^ "Albania's ex-PM aiming a political comeback" Archived 2007-09-27 at the Wayback Machine, dtt-net.com, August 30, 2007, but he didn't.
- ^ "Albania's Ex-PM Nano Sets up New Group" Archived 2011-01-29 at the Wayback Machine, birn.eu.com, September 20, 2007.
- ^ “Lëvizja Nano për fitoren e socialistëve” Top Channel 06.2012
- ^ Lëvizja Nano: Nismë statutore për largimin e Ramës Archived 2013-04-05 at the Wayback Machine Gazeta Panorama 06.2012
- ^ "Të jetosh kohën", Rexhina Nano, Botimet DUDAJ, 2008.
- ^ "Të jetosh kohën", Rexhina Nano, Botimet DUDAJ, 2008.
- ^ "Të jetosh kohën", Rexhina Nano, page 45, Botimet DUDAJ, 2008.
- ^ Google Books
Further reading
- Nano, Rexhina (2008). Te Jetosh Kohen. Botime DUDAJ. ISBN 978-99943-0-045-7. [1]
- Return to Europe: Fatos Nano