Federalization of Yemen
| Federalization of Yemen | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Category | Federated state |
| Location | Yemen |
| Government | |
The federalization of Yemen is the proposed transformation of the Republic of Yemen from a unitary state to a federal state. Driven by the significant economic, religious, political, and historical differences between the northern and southern parts of the country, federalization has been a common and controversial proposal to resolve regionalist tensions since the unification of the country in 1990.[1][2]
Early history
In 1962, the
a civil war in 1994.[4] Decentralization continued to find popularity among members of the Yemeni opposition, and the opposition coalition known as the Joint Meeting Parties expressed interest in federalism in 2009.[3]
Hadi plan
The 2013–2014
Hadhramaut.[6] Azal, Saba, Janad and Tihama would have been northern provinces whereas Aden and Hadhramaut would have been southern.[7] Sana’a, the capital, was to become a federal city and would not have been part of any region. Aden, the former capital of South Yemen, would have been a part of the Aden region, but would have had special legislative and executive powers.[8] Each region was to be further divided into states, which would have taken the place of Yemen's existing governorates.[3] The conclusions of the Conference formed the basis of a new constitution, which was to be put to a referendum in 2015.[2]
The plan for a six-region federation received international praise, but was denounced by many within Yemen.
On 20 June 2023, the
National Hadhrami Council
was formed marking the first steps for the transformation.
| Federal region | Flag | States |
|---|---|---|
| Aden |  |
Aden, Abyan, Lahij, Dhale |
| Azal |  |
Sanaa, 'Amran, Dhamar, Saada |
| Hadramout |  |
Mahra, Shabwah, Socotra Archipelago
|
| Janad | .svg) |
Taiz, Ibb
|
| Sheba | .svg) |
|
| Tihama | .svg) |
Al Hudaydah, Raymah, Al Mahwit, Hajjah |
See also
References
- .
- ^ a b c Day, Stephen W. (14 August 2019). "The Future Structure of the Yemeni State". Middle East Institute. Retrieved 24 July 2021.
- ^ a b c Al-Akhali, Rafat (May 2014). "The Challenge of Federalism in Yemen" (PDF). Atlantic Council. Retrieved 11 March 2022.
- ^ Al-Mekhlafi, Mohamed (17 May 2018). "Yemen's Federal Alternative: A Path to an Enduring Peace?". Arab Reform Initiative. Retrieved 11 March 2022.
- ^ Lewis, Alexandra (18 February 2014). "Yemen's Creation of Federal Republic Leaves Major Grievances Unresolved". World Politics Review. Retrieved 11 March 2022.
- ^ "Six Regions Approved For Federal Transition". Atlantic Council. 10 February 2014. Retrieved 24 July 2021.
- ^ "Yemen to become six-region federation". Al Jazeera English. 10 February 2014. Retrieved 24 July 2021.
- ^ "Yemen to become federation of six regions". BBC News. 10 Feb 2014. Retrieved 16 March 2014.
- ^ Salisbury, Peter (3 February 2014). "Yemen: Ready for change?". Al Jazeera English. Retrieved 24 July 2021.
- ^ a b Shuja al-Deen, Maysaa (28 February 2019). "Federalism in Yemen: A Catalyst for War, the Present Reality, and the Inevitable Future". Sana'a Center. Retrieved 24 July 2021.