Feudal barony of Barnstaple
From AD 1066, the feudal barony of Barnstaple was a large
Descent
de Mowbray
The barony was first granted by
de Totnes
At some time before his death in 1100 King
de Braose and de Tracy moieties
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/William_de_Braose%2C_4th_Lord_Bramber.svg/170px-William_de_Braose%2C_4th_Lord_Bramber.svg.png)
The inheritance of the barony of Barnstaple by two co-heiresses split its possession during the period c. 1139 to 1213 into two moieties, which became re-united under the de Tracy family. The descent of the two co-heiresses was as follows:
- Aenor de Totnes married the Welsh Marcher Lord Philip de Braose (died 1134/55), 2nd feudal baron of Bramber, Surrey, son of William de Braose, 1st Lord of Bramber (died 1093/6). The moiety descended to her eldest son and heir William de Braose, 3rd Lord of Bramber (died c. 1193),[4] and thence to his son William de Braose, 4th Lord of Bramber (died 1211). According to Sanders (1960) in 1208 King John (1199–1216) confiscated the lands of William de Braose (died 1211) and in 1213 granted his moiety of the barony of Barnstaple to Henry de Tracy (died 1274),[5] the husband of his granddaughter Matilda de Braose.[6]
- The other de Totnes sister, whose name is unknown, married Henry de Tracy (died pre-1165), leaving a son and heir Oliver de Tracy (died c. 1184), who in 1165 was charged scutage on 25 knights' fees for his moiety. In 1166 he declared 23 1/3 and in 1168 30 1/2 knights' fees. Oliver left a son and heir Oliver (died 1210), who left as his heir Henry de Tracy (died 1274), who also inherited in 1213 the other moiety as described above. Henry de Tracy (died 1274), according to Pole, had married Matilda de Braose, daughter of Reginald de Braose, son of William de Braose (died 1211).Robert FitzPernel, Earl of Leicester (i.e. Robert de Beaumont, 4th Earl of Leicester (died c. 1204)), which manor had been one of three knight's fees of the barony given as her marriage portion by her father.[7] Thenceforth Henry de Tracy (died 1274) made Tawstock his seat.[6]
Henry de Tracy's heir to the entire barony was his granddaughter Maud de Brian (or Briene) (died pre-1279), daughter of Guy de Brian of Laugharne Castle, Carmarthenshire by his wife Eve de Tracy, daughter of Henry de Tracy.[8]
FitzMartin
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Arms_of_William_Martin%2C_1at_Baron_Martin_%28died_1324%29.svg/170px-Arms_of_William_Martin%2C_1at_Baron_Martin_%28died_1324%29.svg.png)
Maud de Brian's first husband was
The barony was recovered on Geoffrey's death by Maud's son William Martin (died 1324) whose son and heir William FitzMartin died childless in 1326.
Audley
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Blason_ville_fr_Mesquer_%28Loire-Atlantique%29.svg/170px-Blason_ville_fr_Mesquer_%28Loire-Atlantique%29.svg.png)
The heirs of William Martin (died 1326) were his surviving sister Eleanor Martin (died 1342), who died without children, albeit having married twice, and
- Joan Audley (1331–1393) who married Sir John Tuchet (1327–1371). Their son was John Tuchet, 4th Baron Audley and 1st Baron Tuchet.[11]
- Margaret Audley (born before 1351, died 1411), married Sir Roger Hillary.[12]
- Upexe[24] and Creedy Wiger.[25] The Bourchier Barnstaple townhouse is thought to be no. 62 Boutport Street,[26] with its surviving ornate plaster barrel-ceilings dated 1620 (or 1629[27]), showing the arms of Bourchier,[27] which survives next to the Royal and Fortescue Hotel, and was converted in about 1760 to premises of the "Golden Lion" coaching inn.[28] It was converted to premises for the National Westminster Bank in 1936,[27] in 1991 housed a branch of the Woolwich Building Society[29]and in 2014 is a restaurant.
King Richard II
James Audley, 2nd Baron Audley (died 1386) during his life had settled the feudal barony of Barnstaple by means of an
From 1425 the barony was held by
Queen Mary I
Queen Mary (1553–1558) granted the barony to Thomas Marrow, MP,[35] though apparently shorn of all its constituent fees and manors, held thenceforth by their tenants directly from the crown as tenants-in-chief. Thus the feudal barony was now one in name only, with no substantial constituent lands or tenants, and conferred no right on its holder of taking a seat in parliament.
Castle Manor
This so-called "castle-manor" was soon after acquired from "Samuel Marowe"
Fees in 1326
The 1326 Inquisition post mortem of William FitzMartin (died 1326) lists his fees pertaining to the Barony of Barnstaple as follows:[43]
Name of fee | no. of knight's fees | Tenant |
---|---|---|
Hesel & Rewes (Rewe[44] including Hazel Barton) | 1 | Walter Tauntefer |
Essewalter (Ashwater) | 1 | Robert de Karnidon |
Tappelegh (Tapeley) | 1 | Oliver de Wibbebury |
Teyngcomb (Teigncombe[45] in Chagford) | 1 | Oliver de Wibbebury |
Heales (alias Hehales) | 1/2 | Oliver de Wibbebury |
Pydikwell and Gratton (alias Gretton) (in High Bray) | 1 1/2 | Robert de Cruwes and Jordan le Vautort, co-heirs of Mauger de Sancto Albino |
Boclonnd and Hurtelegh (Buckland Filleigh) | 1 | Thomas de Fillegh |
Estboclannd (East Buckland) | 1 | Thomas de Fillegh |
West Bray (Bray in South Molton) | 1/2 | Thomas de Fillegh |
Bremelrugg and South Alre (Bremridge & South Aller) | 1 | John Tracy |
Suttecombe (Sutcombe) | 1 | Richard de Merton |
Merton | 1 | Richard de Merton |
Hengestecote (Henscott) | 1/3 | Robert Crues and Jordan de Valle Torta |
Pillonnd & Barlinton (Pilland and Great Barlington) | 1 | Walter de Pillonnd and of him by Roger de Cornu and Mabel his wife for life of Mabel |
Rowesbugh (Roborough) | 1 | Baldwin le Fleming |
wanteslegh & Ebberlegh | 1/20 | John de Lodehiwich |
Mollond Champens (Molland-Champson) | 1 | John de Whiteby |
Est Stodelegh (East Stoodleigh) | 1/2 | Robert Marchaunt, which Thomasia relict of Robert his father holds in dower |
Bonelegh & Little Hampteford (Bondleigh) | 2 | Walter Gaboun |
Hwich (Huish Beaple) | 1 | Robert Beaupel |
Wlrington (alias Wolrington) | 1/2 | Matthew de Crouthorn |
Estbray (East Bray) | 1/4 | Matthew de Crouthorn |
Mortehoo (Mortehoe) | 1/2 | John de Hardeshull |
Bitteden (Bittadon) | 1 | Heir of Thomas de Bitteden, a minor |
Bere & Puppecote (Beara Charter) | 1 | Nicholas Martyn and of him by John Chatri for life |
Wlrington (West Worlington) | 1 | Nicholas Martyn |
Medeneford | 1/21 | John de Lodehiwish (alias Lidehewyssh) |
Middleton | 1 | John de Wes(ton) |
Hautebray (High Bray) | 1 | Baldwin le Flemyng |
Little Bray | 1/2 | Baldwin le Flemyng |
Matting(ho) (Martinhoe) | 1 | John de Penris & Philip ap Wylim |
Kynewalton | 3/4 | John de Penris & Philip ap Wylim |
Whetefeld (alias Whitfeld) (Whitefield in Highbray) | 1/3 | John de Penris & Philip ap Wylim |
Roughlee (Rowley) | 1/2 | John de Penris & Philip ap Wylim |
Pleystowe (Plaistow) | 1 | Ralph de (Esse of) Thesbergh |
Ans(ty le Moygne) (Anstey) | 1 | Robert de Stokhey |
Combe Mounceaux | 1/6 | Heir of Nicholas Marchaunt, a minor |
Coueleye (Cowley[46]) | 1/2 | Henry de Ca(mpo Arnulphi) |
Colrigge (Coldridge) | 1 | Henry de Ca(mpo Arnulphi) |
Lockesbere (Loxbeare) | 1 | (Thomas de Waunford) |
westdoune & Dene (West Down) | 1 | (Philip de Columbariis) |
T(helebrugge & Chatemere) (Thelbridge & Chapmoor[47]) | 1 | Heir of John de Benelighe |
Cloteworthy (Clotworthy) | 1/14 | Oliver de Clotew(orthy) |
Horton | 1/4 | (Robert de Horton) |
R(alegh & Choldecombe) ( Raleigh, Pilton & Challacombe ) |
1 | Thomas son & heir of William de Raleghe, a minor |
Walworthy, Kuttenore, Trendeleshoo, Sevenash, P(acheshole, Northcote, Cambes)cote & Bridewik | 5 | Thomas son & heir of William de Raleghe, a minor |
crakeweye (Crackaway later known as Stowford[48]) | 1/4 | Robert Crus |
Clistracy (Clist House[49]) | 1 | Bishop of Exeter |
Braunford Speke (Brampford Speke) | 1/2 | Robert de Curteny |
Northcote Prior's (in Buckland Brewer) | 1/2 | Prior of Pilton in frankalmoin |
Coriton (Coryton) | 1 | Henry de Chambernoun |
Wlvelegheye | 1/4 | Robert Beaupiel |
Aylardesford | 1/20 | William de Aylardesford |
Little Boy (alias Bovy) | 1/2 | Alwardus Homaz, William le Leche & John de Pount Jordan (Punchardon) |
Peadehull | 1/2 | Thomas de Peadehull |
Nether Exe | 1/2 | Baldwin Flemyng |
Chaggeford (Chagford[50]) | 1 | Oliver de Wybbebury |
Surton, Milford, North Phrisshel, Thorne, Roude, Kymworthe & Neulond (Sourton, Milford, Northrussel, Thorne,[51] Kimworthy in Bradworthy,[52] Newland[53]) | 2 | William Spek |
Combe Acastre & Combe Regni | 1 | "Whereof Oliver de Ess holds Combe Acastre & a certain tenant holds Combe Regni" |
Croulegh (Crealy[54]) | 1 | Prior of St James, Exeter, in frankalmoin |
Farweye (Farway) | 1 | Abbot of Quarera (Quarr Abbey)in frankalmoin |
Westhorwode | 3/4 | Walter Gamboun of Merston |
References
- ^ Sanders, p. 104, notes 7,9
- ^ Lamplugh, p. 9
- ^ Lewis, Susanne, The Art of Matthew Paris in the Chronica Majora [1]; and see The Matthew Paris Shields, published 1958 in series "Aspilogia II", MP IV No7, Boydell Press
- ^ Date of death of William de Braose as given by Sanders, p. 105
- ^ Sanders, p. 105
- ^ a b c Pole, p. 14
- ^ Pole, p. 14, "Tawstock" mis-transcribed in 1791 edition from 17th-century manuscript as "Tavistocke", see Pole p.xv re transcription errors
- ^ Sanders, p. 105, note 9
- ^ Sanders, 1960, p. 15, Blagdon, note 5
- ^ "Ancestors and/Or relations of Sir Geoffrey, 1st Baron de CAMVILLE". Archived from the original on 13 November 2013. Retrieved 19 August 2012.
- ^ Douglas Richardson, Kimball G. Everingham. Magna Carta ancestry: a study in colonial and medieval families, Genealogical Publishing Com, 2005. pg 831. Google eBook
- ^ a b Cokayne, The Complete Peerage, new edition, , vol. V, p. 501, Baron FitzWarin, note a, inquisition post mortem of Nicholas Audeley (died 1391)
- ^ Identification as "Lady Margaret Audley (died 1373)" per information label by her effigy, Museum of Barnstaple and North Devon; Hoskins, p. 489 "14th-cent. effigy in oak of an unknown lady"; Pevsner p. 790: "Fine wooden c.14 effigy, one of those attributed to a Bristol workshop. Perhaps Eleanor or Margaret Martin"
- ^ Date of death per information label by her effigy, Museum of Barnstaple and North Devon
- ^ Cokayne, The Complete Peerage, new edition, , vol.V, pp. 500–1, Baron FitzWarin
- ^ Strong, H.W., History and Description of Tawstock Church, Barnstaple, 1889, p. 8
- History of Parliament, House of Commons 1386-1421, ed. J.S. Roskell, L. Clark, C. Rawcliffe, 1993 [2]
- ^ Thorn, Caroline & Frank, (eds.) Domesday Book, (Morris, John, gen.ed.) Vol. 9, Devon, Parts 1 & 2, Phillimore Press, Chichester, 1985, part 2 (notes), 1,40
- ^ Risdon, p.325
- ^ Risdon, p. 291
- ^ Pole, p. 271
- ^ Risdon, pp. 182, 386
- ^ Risdon, p.334
- ^ Risdon, p. 80
- ^ Pole, p. 221 (near Crediton)
- ^ Fea, Allan, Nooks and Corners of Old England, New York, 1908, p. 165
- ^ a b c Lamplugh, p. 165, note 2 of chapter 12
- ^ Lamplugh, p. 106
- ^ Pevsner, Nikolaus & Cherry, Bridget, The Buildings of England: Devon, London, 2004, p. 154
- ^ a b Pole, p. 16
- ^ Pole, p. 17
- ^ Alexander, J. J. (1941), "Early Barons of Torrington and Barnstaple", Report and Transactions of the Devonshire Association, 73: 173–4
- ^ North Devon Record Office B1/1131 17th-century copy of 1483 grant to Thomas Everingham of the Castle and Borough of Barnstaple [3]
- ^ Alexander, J. J. (1937), "Sixth Report on the Parliamentary Representation of Devon", Report and Transactions of the Devonshire Association, 69: 177–8, 182
- ^ Risdon, pp. 328–329
- ^ North Devon Record Office (Borough of Barnstaple Archives) B1/1938 1565: Abstract of Conveyance and reversion of Manor: Marrow - Chichester; & North Devon Record Office B1/A 28 1566: "Agreement, enfeoff, John Chichester to Mayor and Corporation Lands in manor of Barnstaple lately purchased from Samuel Marowe"; North Devon Record Office B1/1935 1560:Bond: Thomas Marrow bound to Burgesses (re sale of Manor)[4]
- ^ North Devon Record Office, Leases of property belonging to the Chichester family in Barnstaple, ref:48/25/11, 1571-1798 [5]
- ^ North Devon Record Office B1/1940 1566 Deed of Covenant
- ^ Gribble, Joseph Besly, Memorials of Barnstaple: Being an Attempt to Supply the Want of A History of that Ancient Borough, Barnstaple, 1830, p. 110 [6] (Gribble established the Barnstaple Iron Foundry in 1822 (p. 546))
- ^ North Devon Record Office
- ^ North Devon Record Office B1/3337 1732: Release: John Carew - Mayor and Aldermen 1/3 of Manor of Hogs fee
- ^ North Devon Record Office B1/3338 1734:Release: Thomas Saltren and John Weddon - Mayor and Aldermen 2/3 of Manor of Hogsfee
- ^ Watkin, Hugh R., History of Totnes Priory & Medieval Town, Torquay, 1917, pp. 1068-1071
- ^ Devonshire Association for the Advancement of Science, Literature and the Arts. Report and Transactions of the Devonshire Association Vol 44 (1912).
- ^ Devonshire Association for the Advancement of Science, Literature and the Arts. Report and Transactions of the Devonshire Association Vol 44 (1912).
- ^ Devonshire Association for the Advancement of Science, Literature and the Arts. Report and Transactions of the Devonshire Association Vol 44 (1912).
- ^ Devonshire Association for the Advancement of Science, Literature and Art (1866). Report and transactions - The Devonshire Association for the Advancement of Science, Literature and Art. University of Michigan. Sidmouth, Eng.
- ISBN 978-0-85033-492-0.
- ^ Devonshire Association for the Advancement of Science, Literature and Art (1866). Report and transactions - The Devonshire Association for the Advancement of Science, Literature and Art. University of Michigan. Sidmouth, Eng.
- ^ Devonshire Association for the Advancement of Science, Literature and the Arts. Report and Transactions of the Devonshire Association Vol 44 (1912).
- ^ Devonshire Association for the Advancement of Science, Literature and the Arts. Report and Transactions of the Devonshire Association Vol 44 (1912).
- ^ Devonshire Association for the Advancement of Science Literature & the Arts. Report & Transactions of the Devonshire Association Vol 46 (1914).
- ISBN 978-0-85033-492-0.
- ^ Devonshire Association for the Advancement of Science, Literature and Art (1866). Report and transactions - The Devonshire Association for the Advancement of Science, Literature and Art. University of Michigan. Sidmouth, Eng.
Sources
- Lamplugh, L., Barnstaple: Town on the Taw, 2002, Cullompton
- Pole, Sir William (died 1635), Collections Towards a Description of the County of Devon, Sir John-William de la Pole (ed.), London, 1791.
- Risdon, Tristram (died 1640), Survey of Devon. With considerable additions. London, 1811.
- Sanders, I.J., English Baronies, Oxford, 1960