Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome
Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) is a systemic, non IgE-mediated response to a specific trigger within food – most likely food protein. FPIES presents in two different forms: an acute form and a chronic form. In its acute form, FPIES presents with vomiting that usually begins 1 to 4 hours after trigger food ingestion (can be 30 minutes to 6 or more hours). Vomiting is often followed by a paleness to the skin, lethargy, and potentially watery, perhaps blood-tinged diarrhea. In the severe form of acute FPIES, a person will vomit until dehydration and until a shock-like state, which occurs in 15% of patients.[1] In its chronic form, which can be difficult to diagnose until a person has already met diagnostic criteria for acute FPIES, after repeated or regular ingestion of the trigger food, the person presents with chronic or episodic vomiting, failure to thrive, and watery, perhaps blood-tinged diarrhea. FPIES can potentially develop at any age but seems most commonly to develop within the first few years of life.[2][3][4][5][6] FPIES has mainly been documented in young infants, but can exist in older children and adults. Some people develop both FPIES and an IgE-mediated type of reaction to the same food, and having FPIES can increase a person's risk of also developing IgE-mediated food allergies.[7]
Signs and symptoms
In the severe form, symptoms include abdominal pain, profuse vomiting, lethargy, potentially diarrhea, and even shock.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis is primarily based on history as specific
Treatment
Avoid feeding affected individuals the foods known to trigger an allergic response. Cow's
References
- ^ Nowak-Wegrzyn A, Muraro A. Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome. Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2009; 9:371-7. PMID: 19474706
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- ^ S2CID 46053309. Archived from the original(PDF) on 19 July 2018.
- PMID 28167094.
- ^ "Food Protein-Induced Enterocolitis Syndrome". National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD). Archived from the original on 19 February 2017.
- ^ Anand RK, Appachi E. Case report of methemoglobinemia in two patients with food protein-induced enterocolitis. Clinical pediatrics 2006; 45:679-82.
- ^ PMID 21134576.
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- ^ Monti G, Castagno E, Liguori SA, Lupica MM, Tarasco V, Viola S, et al. Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome by cow's milk proteins passed through breast milk. The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2011; 127:679-80. PMID: 21146866
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